Shakespeare notes Flashcards
(shakespeare notes) Avon:
suburb of birth
(shakespeare notes) Historical Context: England was a ….: a form of gov with a ….
monarchy; single leader
(shakespeare notes) Historical Context: during shakespeare’s time, power shifted from one leader to the next with
relative speed
(shakespeare notes) Historical Context: henry VIII (8th) ruled from …, was succeeded by his … son, …, who died … years later
1509-1547; sickly; edward; six
(shakespeare notes) Historical Context: and what followed Edward’s death was a …. for the throne
bloody scramble
(shakespeare notes) Historical Context: Henry VIII had 3 children:
Mary, Elizabeth, Edward
(shakespeare notes) Rulers: Edward named …. queen, … his sisters Mary and Elizabeth
Lady Jane Gray; denouncing
(shakespeare notes) Rulers: Mary eventually won many … and … Lady Jane, who had been the de facto monarch for only … days
supporters; deposed; nine
(shakespeare notes) Rulers: Mary (aka …) ruled for … years until her death in …
Bloody Mary; five; 1558
(shakespeare notes) Rulers: Everyone had to convert to … due to Henry VIIII
protestantism
(shakespeare notes) Rulers: Mary was …, everyone had to convert back to …. murdered anyone who was still …
Catholic; Catholicism; protestant
(shakespeare notes) Rulers: Queen Elizabeth I ruled from …. (the first … monarch since Henry VIII)
1558-1603; stable
(shakespeare notes) Rulers: Queen Elizabeth I refused to …, knowing that to do so would mean the … of her power
marry; relinquishing
(shakespeare notes) Rulers: Queen Elizabeth I credited with defeating the … in the famous …
Spanish Armada; Battle of Gravelines
(shakespeare notes) Rulers: Queen Elizabeth I enjoyed the …. and donated …. to them
theater; costumes
(shakespeare notes) Rulers: King James VI (and I)- King of … (1567-1625) and King of … (1603-1625)
Scots; England
(shakespeare notes) Rulers: King James VI (and I)- A …. (authored Daemonologie)
scholar
(shakespeare notes) Rulers: King James VI (and I)- historians hold conflicting opinions of his
tenure
(shakespeare notes) Rulers: King James VI (and I)- was one of the intended targets for the infamous …
Guy Fawkes “Gunpowder Plot”
(shakespeare notes) Rulers: King James VI (and I)- Became Shakespeare’s …., and the Bard and his associates happily renamed their company ….
patron; The King’s Men
(shakespeare notes) Rulers: King James VI (and I)- financial supporter of
the arts
(shakespeare notes) Historical Context: The Bubonic Plague- duration:
1347-1750
(shakespeare notes) Historical Context: The Bubonic Plague- over the course of these centuries, the plague ebbed and flowed across …, the …, and portions of …
Europe; Middle East; Asia
(shakespeare notes) Historical Context: The Bubonic Plague- Symptoms: large, tumor-like … and the appearance of … on the legs, arms, hands that would … and turn it …
growths; spots; kill the flesh; black
(shakespeare notes) Historical Context: The Bubonic Plague- the only “cure” was to lock the infected
away in their own home
(shakespeare notes) Historical Context: The Bubonic Plague- plague doctors wore … that had either …/…. to avoid “….”: didn’t know about ….
masks; flowers/incense; death smells; germs
(shakespeare notes) Historical Context: The Bubonic Plague- doctors used …. to handle sick people
sticks
(shakespeare notes) Historical Context: The Bubonic Plague- some doctors/fakes negotiated to receive …/…/…
room; board; pay
(shakespeare notes) Historical Context: The Bubonic Plague- the plague had numerous social effects: …, …, …, …, … shortages, and an intensifying of the age’s perennial …
looting; violence; despair; unemployment; food; poverty
(shakespeare notes) Historical Context: The Bubonic Plague- London Plague Regulations of 1538 (reissued in later years with modifications): infected were to be locked in their homes for ….; the streets were to be kept ….; …. were to be expelled; … and …. were to be restricted/banned entirely
one month; clean; vagrants; funerals; plays
(shakespeare notes) Historical Context: The Bubonic Plague- london plague regulations of 1538: vagrants expelled to avoid …, funerals/plays restricted: too many people in close … to each other → ….
spreading diseases; proximity; spreads disease
(shakespeare notes) Historical Context: The Bubonic Plague- the plague had a direct impact on Shakespeare’s profession: when the death toll reached a certain number, city officials …., popular belief held that the plague was a …. from an …
closed the theaters; punishment; angry God
(shakespeare notes) Historical Context: The Bubonic Plague- medical knowledge was severely …. during this time
deficient
(shakespeare notes) Historical Context: The Bubonic Plague- no equivalents to …, no …, no understanding of “…” or need for …
hospitals; medicine; germs; antiseptics
(shakespeare notes) Historical Context: The Bubonic Plague- physicians were inherently … in the face of the plague, and this period in history would have been a highly … and …. experience for anyone in the medical field
helpless; stressful; terrorizing
(shakespeare notes) in 1564 (year of Shakespeare’s birth), some …. people died in …. out of a total population of …
254; Stratford-upon-Avon; 800
(shakespeare notes) in 1563, over …. londoners died
20,000
(shakespeare notes) 1593: … died
1603: … died
15,000; 36,000
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-life and death: life expectancy was incredibly low (under …) and infant mortality was ….
30; extraordinarily high
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-life and death: in poorer London parishes, only about half of the children survived to the age of … (and aristocratic children fared only a little …)
15; better
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-life and death: parents likely to lose … or … children, would have developed a certain level of ….
However, numerous accounts of …
three; four; detachment; intense grief
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-life and death: Shakespeare and his contemporaries had an intimate knowledge of both … and .., because both events took place in the …
death; birth; home
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-life and death: even when the plague was dormant, the food supply in England was ….: one bad harvest could cause serious …, even …
erratic; hardships; starvation
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-life and death: Danse Macabre: morbid …, grotesque ….
celebration; life after death
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-life and death: the poor bore the brunt of the burden: …, low …, … increases
inflation; wages; rage
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-life and death: diets were severely deficient in vital … and ….
vitamins; minerals
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-life and death: lower class subsisted on … or … food types, usually low in …
one; two; protein
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-life and death: upper class disdained … and …, gorging instead on …
green vegetables; milk; meat
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-life and death: illnesses due to …. were rampant
vitamin deficiencies
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-life and death: beer provided some, but no much, relief from …, and Elizabethans (including children) drank almost …
pain; incessantly
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-life and death: home brewing aside, enough beer was produced and sold in England for every man, woman, and child to consume
40 gallons a year
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-life and death: despite these conditions, the English population during Shakespeare’s time was steadily
growing
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-life and death: population growth was most noticeable in …, where the … were located
London; playhouses;
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-life and death: wages were around … in London
50%
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-life and death: shakespeare’s success was due in large part to this …/…. boom
demographic/economic
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-life and death: between 1567 and 1642, the London playhouses entertained close to
50 million guests
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-religious turmoil: Henry VII converted to …., forcing the populate to convert: this was because he couldn’t … his wife under ….
protestantism; divorce; catholicism
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-religious turmoil: King Edward VI: raised
protestant
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-religious turmoil: Queen Mary I: …, as was her mother, …
Catholic; Catherine
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-religious turmoil: Queen Elizabeth I: Raised
Protestant
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-religious turmoil: Mary was notoriously brutal in her reimplementation of the ….
Heresy Acts
(shakespeare notes) Historical context-religious turmoil: Elizabeth, though she refused to return the .. and … stripped from the monasteries, attempted to strike …. She was brutal in …
wealth; properties; common ground; punishment
(shakespeare notes) Shakespeare’s Life-Family: William’s father, John, moved to Avon in the mid…. century, where he became a successful …, …, …, and .. in … and other …
sixteenth; glover; landowner; moneylender; dealer; wool; agricultural goods
(shakespeare notes) Shakespeare’s Life-Family: around 1557, John married …, the daughter of a … and well-…
Mary Arden; prosperous; connected farmer
(shakespeare notes) Shakespeare’s Life-Family: John was appointed …
ale taster
(shakespeare notes) Shakespeare’s Life-Family: 1576 John started losing his esteem and
moderate wealth
(shakespeare notes) Shakespeare’s Life-Family: 1586: john replaced on … possibly because he was a ..
.council; Catholic
(shakespeare notes) Shakespeare’s Life-Family: 1596: John’s application for renewal of “…” was renewed
coat of arms
(shakespeare notes) Shakespeare’s Life-Family: 1601: the year before John’s death, he was included in the list of those qualified to speak on behalf of
Stratford’s rights
(shakespeare notes) Shakespeare’s Life-Family: Shakespeare’s siblings: Joan (older sister assumed to have …), …, …, …, and Joan (younger sister- names were often …)
died; Gilbert; Richard; Edmund; recycled
(shakespeare notes) Shakespeare full name: Gulielmus filius ohannes Shakespeare born
April 23, 1564
(shakespeare notes) as a child, William would have witnessed a number of “…” common in the political sphere of which his father was a part
theatrical traditions
(shakespeare notes) voracious
reader
(shakespeare notes) stratford was well-known for its … and … school
excellent; free
(shakespeare notes) Main purpose of such schools in Middle Ages was to train future
clerics
(shakespeare notes) literacy at the time was not viewed as …., but … changed this notion, placing a great emphasis on the necessity of literacy and its intrinsic connection to ….
necessary; Protestantism; salvation
(shakespeare notes) at the core of Stratford’s curriculum was the study of …, which gave young William access to numerous classical …
Latin; Latin texts
(shakespeare notes) shakespeare, more than literate, was well schooled in … and …
philosophy; classics
(shakespeare notes) Anne Hathaway: November 1582: William (…) married Anne Hathaway (…) and their daughter, …., was baptized … months later
18; 26; Susanna; 6
(shakespeare notes) Anne Hathaway: February 2, 1585: William’s son and daughter, Hamnet and Judith, were baptized in stratford. Hamnet died at the age of … when William was already living most of the year in …
11; London
(shakespeare notes) Anne Hathaway: 1597: william, evidently successful, purchased …., the second … in Stratford
New Place; largest house
(shakespeare notes) Anne Hathaway: 1601: William’s father …., followed by his mother …. later
died; seven years
(shakespeare notes) Anne Hathaway: April 23, 1616: william shakespeare …, after presumably retiring to stratford …
died; three years prior
(shakespeare notes) Anne Hathaway: a … now grows where New Place once stood
garden
(shakespeare notes) Career: Between 1585 and 1592, William’s existence seems to slip out of the
records
(shakespeare notes) Career: the only documentation from 1592 is from John Aubrey- rival … and ….- who stated that William was a … in the country and an unusual … who made a … whenever he ….
playwright; gossip; school teacher; apprentice butcher; speech; killed a calf
(shakespeare notes) Career: by 1592, william had already arrived on the highly competitive
London theater scene
(shakespeare notes) Career: william was listed among the … had … in plays
actors; minor roles
(shakespeare notes) Career: 1594: william became a member of the play company …. (….) and stayed with this company
Servants to the Lord Chamberlain (the King’s Men)
(shakespeare notes) Career: 1599: William formed a … comapny and raised sufficient funds to lease a site and have the ….
joint-stock; globe theater built
(shakespeare notes) Career: the globe was built with an …. to utilize …
open roof; daylight
(shakespeare notes) Career: globe’s structural composition was symbolic- stage represented …, trapdoor represented …, balcony and above represented … (a pulley was attached to the rafters to raise/lower …. or …)
earth; hell; heaven; angelic figures; characters
(shakespeare notes) Career: all theaters were decorated with … that displayed .. which represented that specific … (globe had the …. holding a …)
flags; symbols; playhouse; titan Atlas; globe
(shakespeare notes) Career: other flags would represent type of play showing: black→…, white→ …
tragedy; comedy;
(shakespeare notes) Career: no intermissions: actors spoke
much faster
(shakespeare notes) Career: shakespeare’s plays were often accompanied by
music
(shakespeare notes) Career: there was a preparation (or “…”) room behind the stage
green
(shakespeare notes) Career: there were no prefabricated …., but there were sometimes …
scenes; tapestries
(shakespeare notes) Career: there were a lot of …, and all actors had to take … and …. lessons
props; dancing; fencing
(shakespeare notes) Career: …. are in every play, and these were largely employed for the people in the …– also known as the …
puns; pit; groundlings
(shakespeare notes) Career: puns meant for …, …. jokes, wanted to include …
lower class; lewd; entire audience
(shakespeare notes) Career: if it rained, groundlings would get … but aristocrats would not
wet
(shakespeare notes) legacy: credited with writing …. plays, … sonnets, and …. long narrative poems
38; 154; 2
(shakespeare notes) legacy: his works have been translated into every
major living language
(shakespeare notes) legacy: his writing forged many of the …. and …. used today
words; phrases
(shakespeare notes) legacy: interest in his writing dwindled during the … and …. centuries, but …. repopularized his works in the … century, making them a staple in literature
17th; 18th; Samuel Taylor Coleridge; 19th;
(shakespeare notes) legacy: many of the story arcs he made popular are re-envisioned in today’s
films and plays
(shakespeare notes) conspiracy: some critics believe that shakespeare did not …. the plays commonly attributed to him
author
(shakespeare notes) conspiracy: the fact that he was fairly … and “….” counted against him
ordinary; upper middle class
(shakespeare notes) conspiracy: most critics attribute the plays to various … from higher …. and prestigious …, claimin that william could have no knowledge of the royal court or aristocracy based on his ….
writers; social classes; educations; station
(shakespeare notes) conspiracy: however, because Shakespeare was credited as the author at the time, it would have required a conspiracy on a ….t o accomplish such a charade
massive scale
(shakespeare notes) conspiracy: funerary monument in …. in …
Holy Trinity Church; Avon
(shakespeare notes) conspiracy: wrote his own epitaph: “
cursed be he that moves my bones”
(shakespeare notes) conspiracy: theater considered … (another reason why playhouses were closed during plague times)
evil
Shakespeare was likely raised …., and a … is a prominent theme in many of his plays/sonnets
Catholic; struggle of faith
