SGT Test 1 (Emmans)

Question 1

Which of the following will effect the MAC?

a) Temperature of Px
b) Age of Px
c) Pre-anesthetic drugs
d) Health of Px
e) All of the above
f) None of the above

Answer 1

e) All of the above

Question 2

True or False: Isoflurane can have hepatic toxicity effects on patients

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The amount of rebreathing in any circuit is determined by which part?

Answer 3

Fresh gas flow

Question 4

True or False: Alfaxan given IV results in unconsciousness & provides surgical anesthesia

Answer 4

False. No analgesic properties in Alfaxan so it can be given IV but will not produce surgical anesthesia

Question 5

True or False: Severe bradycardia immediately following Dexmeditomidine should be treated with Atropine

Answer 5

False. Alpha-2 caused the bradycardia and hypertension, so the use of Anticholinergics should be avoided- especially Atropine

Question 6

What is neuroleptanalgesia?

Answer 6

The combination of a Tranquilizer and an Opioid

Question 7

If sedating via IM, which would be a better choice:

a) Midazolam
b) Diazepam

Answer 7

a) Midazolam. Diazepam is not absorbed well via IM.

Question 8

Why is it a concern to use Ketamine in a patient previously diagnosed with Glaucoma?

Answer 8

Ketamine increases intraocular and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) pressure

Question 9

Which type of fluid do we give in conjunction with Crystalloids in order to keep them in the intravascular space for a longer period of time? Give an example of 1.

Answer 9

Colloids such as Hetastarch

Question 10

Why can’t Atropine be used in horses?

Answer 10

It causes Colic

Question 11

Atropine should not be given to patients with tachycardia. What could be used in its place?

Answer 11

Glycopyrrolate

Question 12

Give an example of local anesthesia and an example of regional anesthesia

Answer 12

Local: anesthetizing the eye in order to perform an ocular exam
Regional: giving an epidural and anesthetizing the entire hind end

Question 13

True or False: a low blood gas partition coefficient will take longer to cross the blood brain barrier and be available to go into the brain, therefore it will be longer induction and recovery

Answer 13

False. A low blood gas partition coefficient will not take as long to cross the BBB and will quickly go to the brain, resulting in quick induction and recovery

Question 14

True or False: You cannot mix drugs in a syringe with the exception of Diazepam and Atropine

Answer 14

False. The exception is Diazepam & Ketamine

Question 15

Would you give Diazepam and Atropine as a pre-med to a 1 yr old Jack Russell?

Answer 15

No. The Diazepam would cause excitement in an animal this age

Question 16

Would you give Dexdormitor as a pre-med in an 8 yr old Great Dane?

Answer 16

No, there is a risk of Bloat

Question 17

Would you give Thiopental to a 2 yr old Afghan Hound?

Answer 17

No, this drug is not good for Sighthounds

Question 18

Even when giving Propofol in a proper way & at the proper dose, you can expect ________

Answer 18

Induction apnea

Question 19

True or False: An obese Corgi requires more anesthetic than a Corgi of ideal weight.

Answer 19

False. Only the brain is effected by the drug - you need to give the appropriate ideal body weight dose. For example, if 1 Corgi was 10lbs and one was 20lbs, both should get a 10lb dose

Question 20

True or False: Most anesthetics cross the blood brain barrier

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Which of the following would be increased with the use of Ketamine:

a) Blood pressure
b) Heart rate
c) Increased CSF pressure
d) Increased intraocular pressure
e) All of the above
f) None of the above

Answer 21

e) All of the above

Question 22

Which of the following provides SOME somatic analgesia:

a) Isoflurane
b) Propofol
c) KetVal

Answer 22

c) KetVal - Ketamine has some somatic analgesia

Question 23

Which is the most appropriate reversal agent for Hydromorphone:

a) Atipamazole
b) Naloxone
c) Yohimbine

Answer 23

b) Naloxone

Question 24

What kind of physical side effects can be seen in dogs after using Dexdormitor?

Answer 24

Bradycardia, Hypertension, Bloat, Hypotension

Question 25

True or False: Concentration of Thiopental/Propofol into the brain will not be effected by the patient’s acid-base balance.

Answer 25

False. The patient’s pH will effect the drug availability.

Question 26

What is the most potent Opioid?

Answer 26

Fentanyl

Question 27

How does sedation differ from tranquilization? Give an example of each

Answer 27

Tranquilizers produce calmness and decrease anxiety, such as Diazepam. Sedatives decrease consciousness, such as Metatomidine

Question 28

The part of the history that includes the species, breed, age, sex and reproductive status of a patient is called the:

Answer 28

signalment

Question 29

The regular speeding & slowing of the heart rhythm in a dog is called _______. Is it normal in cats?

Answer 29

Sinus arrythmia. Not normal in cats.

Question 30

Why is a measure of plasma protein always included in pre-anesthetic work up?

Answer 30

The levels effect the performance of protein-binding drugs. This will alter the results it produces.

Question 31

Why is fasting a patient prior to anesthesia necessary? What is the average fasting time?

Answer 31

To prevent vomiting and subsequent aspiration. The average fasting time is 8-12 hrs.

Question 32

What is an instance for which we would increase the minimum fasting time prior to anesthesia? What is an instance for which we would decrease this time?

Answer 32

Increase: GI surgery
Decrease: neonates

Question 33

Water is about ____% of a dog’s total body weight. What is the breakdown of where the 60% can be found?

Answer 33

60%.
Intracellular - 40%
Interstitial - 15%
Intravascular - 5%

Question 34

In which body compartment with fluids would you find the most Potassium?

Answer 34

Intracellular

Question 35

What is the main purpose of the solute HC03 (Bicarbonate) and in which body compartment (with fluid) is it most abundant?

Answer 35

It works as an acid buffer and helps maintain patient’s acid-base status. It is found mostly Interstitially and Intravascularly.