Sexually transmitted infections Flashcards

1
Q

pH change with trichomonas

A

pH of 5.5-6 and appearance of strawberry cervix

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2
Q

Chlamydia trachonatis

A

Genital tract and eye (gram -ve cocci)

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3
Q

Chlamydia pstittaci

A

zoonotic pneumonia (birdkeepers) - RTI

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4
Q

Chlamydia pneumonia

A

Upper and lower RTI

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5
Q

What are chlamydia serovars?

A

Variations of chlamydia - cause different AB responses

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6
Q

Chlamydia serovar A_C

A

Infects eye

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7
Q

Chlamydia serovar D-K

A

Affects genitals and eye

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8
Q

Chlamydia screening

A
  • National Chlamydia Screening Programme- asymptomatic sexually active <25, reduce infection and transmission
  • Contact tracing - break transmission chain, prevent re-infection
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9
Q

Complications of chlamydia

A

Infertility, ectopic pregnancy, endometritis and premature miscarriage
Causes PID which affects liver

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10
Q

Chlamydia infection

A

Chlamydia forms elementary bodies
This causes an immune response as macrophages phagocytose
IFN-Y is released
Host cells are attacked, forming reticular bodies
RBs expand and proliferate
In persistent state (not infecting), HSP60 is made
Human immune system attacks HSP60 but in doing so attacks own cells

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11
Q

Are reticular bodies infectious?

A

No but elementary bodies are

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12
Q

Why does chlamydia cause premature miscarriage?

A

Embryos make lots of HSP60

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13
Q

Contraindications for olfloxacin and doxycycline

A

Pregnancy

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14
Q

Which HSV is genital

A

1

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15
Q

Which HPV strains are dangerous?

A

6,11,16,18

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16
Q

Which kind of microorganism is gonorrhoea?

A

Gram -ve diplococci

17
Q

Why is metronidazole bad?

A

Interacts with alcohol - hangover symptoms and affects breastmilk taste

18
Q

How does gonorrhoea replicate?

A

Adheres to epithelium
Proliferates on epithelium surface
Transcytosis to underlying tissues
Innate immune system PMNLs recognise gonorrhoea
It evades destruction by immune system
Peristence of bacteria causes more immune cells to be recruited = more inflammation

19
Q

Symptoms of gonorrhoea

A

Males: urethral itch
Females: PID, bleeding after sex, discharge
Both: painful urination, urethral discharge, rectal discharge, rectal bleeding

20
Q

Chlamydia characteristics

A

Chlamydia trachomatis
Asymptomatic/painful urination/ penile discharge
Contact with infected fluids, mother-to-child
PCR test
Azithromycin and doxycycline
Can cause PID -> infertility

21
Q

Gonorrhoea characteristics

A
Neisseria gonorrhoea 
Asymptomatic/bleeding/penile discharge
Contact with infected fluids
Swab/urine test/
PCR and NAAT
Resistant to many antibiotics 
Can cause infertility
22
Q

Trichomonas characteristics

A
Trichomonas vaginalis
Vulval itching/discharge/painful urination/pH increase
Contact with infected fluids
Swab
Treat with metronidazole
23
Q

Genital warts symptoms

A
HPV 6 and 11 
Warts on penis, vulva and anus
Skin to skin contact 
No tests - examination only 
Imiquimod treatment (makes more IFN)
24
Q

Genital herpes characteristics

A
HSV 1 and 2
Blisters/ulcers on vulva, penis or mouth 
Skin to skin contact 
Swab then PCR 
Antivirals (acyclovir)