Sexually transmitted infections Flashcards
pH change with trichomonas
pH of 5.5-6 and appearance of strawberry cervix
Chlamydia trachonatis
Genital tract and eye (gram -ve cocci)
Chlamydia pstittaci
zoonotic pneumonia (birdkeepers) - RTI
Chlamydia pneumonia
Upper and lower RTI
What are chlamydia serovars?
Variations of chlamydia - cause different AB responses
Chlamydia serovar A_C
Infects eye
Chlamydia serovar D-K
Affects genitals and eye
Chlamydia screening
- National Chlamydia Screening Programme- asymptomatic sexually active <25, reduce infection and transmission
- Contact tracing - break transmission chain, prevent re-infection
Complications of chlamydia
Infertility, ectopic pregnancy, endometritis and premature miscarriage
Causes PID which affects liver
Chlamydia infection
Chlamydia forms elementary bodies
This causes an immune response as macrophages phagocytose
IFN-Y is released
Host cells are attacked, forming reticular bodies
RBs expand and proliferate
In persistent state (not infecting), HSP60 is made
Human immune system attacks HSP60 but in doing so attacks own cells
Are reticular bodies infectious?
No but elementary bodies are
Why does chlamydia cause premature miscarriage?
Embryos make lots of HSP60
Contraindications for olfloxacin and doxycycline
Pregnancy
Which HSV is genital
1
Which HPV strains are dangerous?
6,11,16,18
Which kind of microorganism is gonorrhoea?
Gram -ve diplococci
Why is metronidazole bad?
Interacts with alcohol - hangover symptoms and affects breastmilk taste
How does gonorrhoea replicate?
Adheres to epithelium
Proliferates on epithelium surface
Transcytosis to underlying tissues
Innate immune system PMNLs recognise gonorrhoea
It evades destruction by immune system
Peristence of bacteria causes more immune cells to be recruited = more inflammation
Symptoms of gonorrhoea
Males: urethral itch
Females: PID, bleeding after sex, discharge
Both: painful urination, urethral discharge, rectal discharge, rectal bleeding
Chlamydia characteristics
Chlamydia trachomatis
Asymptomatic/painful urination/ penile discharge
Contact with infected fluids, mother-to-child
PCR test
Azithromycin and doxycycline
Can cause PID -> infertility
Gonorrhoea characteristics
Neisseria gonorrhoea Asymptomatic/bleeding/penile discharge Contact with infected fluids Swab/urine test/ PCR and NAAT Resistant to many antibiotics Can cause infertility
Trichomonas characteristics
Trichomonas vaginalis Vulval itching/discharge/painful urination/pH increase Contact with infected fluids Swab Treat with metronidazole
Genital warts symptoms
HPV 6 and 11 Warts on penis, vulva and anus Skin to skin contact No tests - examination only Imiquimod treatment (makes more IFN)
Genital herpes characteristics
HSV 1 and 2 Blisters/ulcers on vulva, penis or mouth Skin to skin contact Swab then PCR Antivirals (acyclovir)
