Lymph nodes of the trunk and their clinical presentation Flashcards
Bladder
External iliac
Prostate
Internal iliac
Penis
Superficial iliac
Testes
Para-aortic
Ovaries
Pre-aortic
Uterus
Fundus = para-aortic, body and cervix = internal and external
Vagina
Upper third = external iliac, middle third = common and internal iliac and lower third = superficial inguinal and perirectal
Vulva
Inguinal
Abdominal wall below umbilicus
Inguinal
Superficial tissues of lower limb
Superficial inguinal
Deep tissue of lower limb
Popliteal
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
Deep inguinal
Deep inguinal lymph nodes
External iliac
Primary lymphoid organs
Bone marrow and thymus
Secondary lymph organs
Spleen, lymph nodes, MALT
Humoral response in LNs
Antigens, presented to TH2 cells which activate B cells by APC - antibodies
Cell mediated response in LNs
phagocytes present antigens to TH1 cells which release cytokines to activate NK and cytotoxic T cells
Groups of LNs
- Cervical
- Axillary
- Mediastinal
- Mesenteric
- Iliac
- Inguinal
- Popliteal
Breast cancer malignancy
Spreads to axillary, supraclavicular and internal mammary LNs
Gastric cancer malignancy
Coeliac LNs and l supraclavicular LN (gastric arteries) - Virchow’s node
Lung cancer malignancy
Intrapulmonary, mediastinal and extra thoracic LNs
Enlarged epitrochlear LN
Melanoma and lymphoma
Enlargement of mesenteric LNs
Colon cancer and lymphoma
Mesenteric adenitis
Mimics appendicitis
External iliac LN
Abdomen below umbilicus, external genitalia, prostate, upper vagina and cervix
Internal iliac LN
Pelvis, deep perineum, buttock and back of thigh
Popliteal LN
Leg, foot and knee joint
