Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Question 1

What is different about the growth cycle of Chlamydia? Describe it

Answer 1

It is unique, it has two phases:
Elementary bodies- stable, extracellular, infectious
Reticulate particles- intracellular, metabolically active, not infectious

Question 2

What are the symptoms of Chlamydia in women?

Answer 2

Mucopurulent cervicitis
Urethritis
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Infertility

Question 3

What are the symptoms of Chlamydia in men?

Answer 3

Usually asymptomatic

Non and post-gonococcal urethritis

Question 4

How is Chlamydia diagnosed?

Answer 4

By looking at growth in a tissue culture, immunofluorescence, immunoassays or PCR

Question 5

How is Chlamydia treated?

Answer 5

With a course of tetracycline or doxycycline- antibiotics

Question 6

In which age group is Chlamydia most common?

Answer 6

Young people (18-25)

Question 7

What bacteria causes Syphilis?

Answer 7

T. Pallidum

Question 8

What are the four phases of the syphilis infection?

Answer 8

1) Primary- ulcer, painless
2) Seconary- systemic illness, low grade fever, malaise
3) Latent- no obvious signs
4) Tertiary- cardiovascular and neurological signs

Infection occurs via broken skin

Question 9

How is Syphilis diagnosed?

Answer 9

Microscopy

Antibody detection

Question 10

How is Syphilis treated?

Answer 10

Penicillin

Question 11

In which group is Syphilis most common?

Answer 11

Young, gay men

Question 12

What bacteria causes Chancroid?

Answer 12

Haemophilus ducreyi

Question 13

What does Chancroid cause?

Answer 13

Genital ulcers

Question 14

Where, geographically, is Chancroid most common?

Answer 14

The Tropics

Question 15

Where, geographically, is Chancroid least common?

Answer 15

Europe, UK, USA

Question 16

Which virus is Chancroid associated with?

Answer 16

HIV

Question 17

How is Chancroid diagnosed?

Answer 17

Clinical presentation
Microscopy
Cultures

Question 18

How is Chancroid treated?

Answer 18

Erythromycin
Ciprofloxacin

• may be antibiotic resistant -

Question 19

Which bacteria causes Gonorrhoea?

Answer 19

Neisseria Gonorrhoea

Question 20

Which bacteria causes Chlamydia?

Answer 20

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 21

Which virus causes Genital Herpes?

Answer 21

Herpes Simplex Type 2

Question 22

Which virus causes Genital Warts?

Answer 22

HPV

Question 23

Which virus causes AIDS?

Answer 23

HIV

Question 24

Which fungi causes thrush?

Answer 24

Candida albicans

Question 25

Which protozoa causes Trichomoniasis?

Answer 25

Trichomonas vaginalis (TV)

Question 26

What are the potential consequences of STIs?

Answer 26

``` Infertility Heart disease Social stigma Blindness Congenital defects Death ```

Question 27

Which STIs cause discharge?

Answer 27

``` Gonorrhoea Chlamydia Thrush Trichomoniasis Bacterial Vaginosis ```

Question 28

Which STIs cause ulceration?

Answer 28

Chancroid | Syphilis

Question 29

In which age group are STIs most common?

Answer 29

Young people

Question 30

How is the gonorrhoea infection spread?

Answer 30

Person to person contact

Question 31

What is the method of entry used by the pathogen that causes Gonorrhoea?

Answer 31

Genitourinary tract

Question 32

What are the symptoms of the uncomplicated Gonorrhoea infection in men? and what does it infect?

Answer 32

Painful UTI | Infects: urethra, rectum, pharynx

Question 33

What are the symptoms of the uncomplicated Gonorrhoea infection in women? and what does it infect?

Answer 33

Mild vaginosis | Infects: cervix, urethra, rectum, pharynx

Question 34

What are the symptoms of the complicated Gonorrhoea infection in men?

Answer 34

Prostatitis | Epididymitis

Question 35

What are the symptoms of the complicated Gonorrhoea infection in women?

Answer 35

Salpingitis | Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Question 36

How is Gonorrhoea diagnosed?

Answer 36

Microscopy of urethral smears

Question 37

How is Gonorrhoea treated?

Answer 37

Penicillin | - if resistant then a combination of other antibiotics