Sexually Transmitted Diseases Flashcards
What is different about the growth cycle of Chlamydia? Describe it
It is unique, it has two phases:
Elementary bodies- stable, extracellular, infectious
Reticulate particles- intracellular, metabolically active, not infectious
What are the symptoms of Chlamydia in women?
Mucopurulent cervicitis
Urethritis
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Infertility
What are the symptoms of Chlamydia in men?
Usually asymptomatic
Non and post-gonococcal urethritis
How is Chlamydia diagnosed?
By looking at growth in a tissue culture, immunofluorescence, immunoassays or PCR
How is Chlamydia treated?
With a course of tetracycline or doxycycline- antibiotics
In which age group is Chlamydia most common?
Young people (18-25)
What bacteria causes Syphilis?
T. Pallidum
What are the four phases of the syphilis infection?
1) Primary- ulcer, painless
2) Seconary- systemic illness, low grade fever, malaise
3) Latent- no obvious signs
4) Tertiary- cardiovascular and neurological signs
Infection occurs via broken skin
How is Syphilis diagnosed?
Microscopy
Antibody detection
How is Syphilis treated?
Penicillin
In which group is Syphilis most common?
Young, gay men
What bacteria causes Chancroid?
Haemophilus ducreyi
What does Chancroid cause?
Genital ulcers
Where, geographically, is Chancroid most common?
The Tropics
Where, geographically, is Chancroid least common?
Europe, UK, USA
Which virus is Chancroid associated with?
HIV
How is Chancroid diagnosed?
Clinical presentation
Microscopy
Cultures
How is Chancroid treated?
Erythromycin
Ciprofloxacin
- may be antibiotic resistant -
Which bacteria causes Gonorrhoea?
Neisseria Gonorrhoea
Which bacteria causes Chlamydia?
Chlamydia trachomatis
Which virus causes Genital Herpes?
Herpes Simplex Type 2
Which virus causes Genital Warts?
HPV
Which virus causes AIDS?
HIV
Which fungi causes thrush?
Candida albicans
Which protozoa causes Trichomoniasis?
Trichomonas vaginalis (TV)
What are the potential consequences of STIs?
Infertility Heart disease Social stigma Blindness Congenital defects Death
Which STIs cause discharge?
Gonorrhoea Chlamydia Thrush Trichomoniasis Bacterial Vaginosis
Which STIs cause ulceration?
Chancroid
Syphilis
In which age group are STIs most common?
Young people
How is the gonorrhoea infection spread?
Person to person contact
What is the method of entry used by the pathogen that causes Gonorrhoea?
Genitourinary tract
What are the symptoms of the uncomplicated Gonorrhoea infection in men? and what does it infect?
Painful UTI
Infects: urethra, rectum, pharynx
What are the symptoms of the uncomplicated Gonorrhoea infection in women? and what does it infect?
Mild vaginosis
Infects: cervix, urethra, rectum, pharynx
What are the symptoms of the complicated Gonorrhoea infection in men?
Prostatitis
Epididymitis
What are the symptoms of the complicated Gonorrhoea infection in women?
Salpingitis
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
How is Gonorrhoea diagnosed?
Microscopy of urethral smears
How is Gonorrhoea treated?
Penicillin
- if resistant then a combination of other antibiotics
