Primary Metabolites Flashcards

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1
Q

What are primary metabolites?

A

Compounds that are directly involved in the normal growth, development, reproduction and metabolism of an organism
They convert nutrients into products

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2
Q

Give some examples of primary metabolites

A

Amino acids
Lactic acid
Ethanol

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3
Q

In terms of potable alcohol, what is starch converted to?

A

Ethanol

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4
Q

In terms of industrial solvents, what can primary metabolites be used as a substitute for?

A

Petrochemicals

e.g. saccharomyces produces ethanol which can be used as a biofuel (more sustainable)

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5
Q

Name two commercial uses for amino acids

A

To treat dietary deficiency diseases

To act as components of processed food

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6
Q

Define auxotroph

A

A mutant organism (especially a bacterium or fungus) that requires a particular additional nutrient which the normal strain does not

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7
Q

What is another name for an organic acid?

A

Citric Acid

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8
Q

What are the commercial uses of citric acid?

A

Acidulate
Plastic manufacture
Processed cheese manufacture

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9
Q

What are the principles of production of organic acids?

A

Pelleted morphology

- reduced oxygen penetration to the pellet results in interruption of the Krebs cycle

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10
Q

What is another name for acetic acid? What is it a product of?

A

Vinegar

Ethanol oxidation

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11
Q

What type of saccharide can be obtained from seaweed?

A

Polysaccharides

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12
Q

What are can polysaccharides be used for?

A

To make kanthan gum

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13
Q

What are lipids used for?

A

Dietary additives

To produce biodegradable plastic

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14
Q

Which vitamin is an example of a primary metabolite?

A

Vitamin B12

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