Sets 19-21 Flashcards
what is restriction enzymes and restriction endonucleases?
recognizes foreign DNA and cuts it into pieces
what does TYPE II RE do ?
recognize inverted sequences in DNA
what is electrophoresis ?
movement of charged molecules in a electric field , large DNA shows more in gel
what is molecule cloning ?”
process of using living cell to make exct replicas of foreign DNA
what are the 2 steps of molecular cloning ?
1.purify DNA fragment and put into into a plasmid
2. transfer vector into cells and copies will be made
what is on a plasmid
lac Z
what is a DNA probe ?
short single started DNA
what is a PCR ?
a polymerase chain reaction has 2 primers and can turn 1 DNA into 1 billion copies
what cell cycle check points ?
control mechnisam in the cell cycle that involve CDK complexes ; is in G1 -S phase
what does the CDK complex do ?
phosphorylate proteins
when the cell cycle control fucks up what two things happen ?
turmor suprresor gene & oncogenes
what are the two tumor supressor genes ?
RB and TP 53
where is RB in the cell cycle
G1 phase
when does RB become phosphyralated ?
when the cell is ready to move into S phase
what happens without RB
uncontrollable cell growth
what does p53 do ?
detect damaged DNA and need to be phosphroylated
what inactivated the CDK complex
p21
what initates apoptosis
p53
what stops S -phase ?
p21
what is BRCA1 ?
32 %
what is BRCA 2 ?
0.69 %
what do oncogenes do ?
make cells reproduce rapidly
