Sets 17 Flashcards
what is a population ?
group of interbreeding individuals of the same species
what is a gene pool?
collection of alleles carried in the population
what is the phenotype frequency ?
proportion of individuals in a population that have a certain phenotype
what is genotype frequency ?
proportion of individuals in a population that have a certain genotype
what is allele frequency ?
proportion of all copies of gene in a population that have a given allele type
what is the hardy weinberg law ?
constant allele frequencies p and q do not change over time in generation
what is the H-W law equation ?
p^2+ 2pq+q^2=1
what are the 5 H-W assumptions?
- population has a infinite number and all individuals have access to mating
- individuals mate at random that each individuals gentotype does not influence his or her choice of mate
- no new mutations appear in the gene pools (alleles dont change)
- you can not get into and out of this population
- no natural selection
why does H-W theory not work in real populations ?
it doesn’t work in real populations bc they would stop evolving if they applied
what is it when you reach H-W Equilibrium ?
a hypothetical population satisfies the H-W assumptions and the genetic frequencies doesnt change
what does p represent ?
p represent dominant homo (RR)
what does pq represent ?
pq represent heterzygous
what does q represent ?
ressesive homozygous
what is the binomial equation ?
p+q=1
what is the equation for calculating genetic frequencies?
individuals with genotype/ sample size ( N)
what is natural selection fitness ?
an individual relative abililty to survive and transmit it genes to the next generation
