Sets 18 Flashcards
what is a mutation
a heritable change in the base sequence that changed the info on the gene sequence
what do you need to identify first to identify mutations
the wild type allele
what is the wild type allele
an allele in at least 1% of the population
different alleles results from changed in the DNA sequences
what the the 6 types of DNA mutatiions?
1.Substitution
2.deletion
3. insertion
4.Frame shift
5.inversion
6.Reciprocal translocation
what is the DNA mutation inversion?
when the DNA is cut , flipped over & put back
what is the DNA mutation reciprocal translocation?
when two seperate chromsomes have there cut and put back together and each other chromsomes
what is the difference between germ cell and somatic mutations
in germ gametes carry mutation in somatic its on the person not the on gametes
what is the luria delbruck expirement and what did it proves
small vials of bac culture were set up an grown with equal portions and then put into a plate with a virus and in the plate 1 had multple colonies whilst some had non even thought it waseven which proved resistance is random
spontaneus mut occurs naturally
what do mutagens do ?
they induce mutations
what are the 4 process that can change the DNA info stored and what is it ?
- Depurination ( releasing a purine)
- Deamination ( removing amino group
- Oxidation (adding oxygen)
- X ray breaking the DNA backbone (forms dimer which makes Kink)
what is nucleotide excision repair
removes damaged DNA in bac and humans
what apoptosis
to much dna damage to repair
what DNA pol proof read
I AND III
how do they catch a mistmatch DNA
methlation on the correct strand
