Sets 12

Question 1

what are the three big differences between DNA & RNA

Answer 1

DNA:
double stranded
deoxyribose
having thymine

RNA:
single stranded
ribose
has uracil

Question 2

is DNA or RNA less stable ?

Answer 2

RNA

Question 3

what is the 3 differences between Protein & RNA+ DNA?

Answer 3

has an N (amino) terminus and C(Carboxy) terminus
multiple structure
1/20 AA instead of 1/4 Comp Base pairs

Question 4

what are the 4 structure of proteins and what does it look like

Answer 4

Primary: single straight chain
Secondary: local folding single alpha helix or beta sheet
Tertiary: overall shape of the chain (both alpha & beta sheet folds)
Quaternary: multiple chains together

Question 5

what the stop codes for DNA?

Answer 5

TAG
TGA
TAA

Question 6

Whats the stop codes for RNA

Answer 6

UAG
UGA
UAA

Question 7

what is the start code for DNA

Answer 7

ATG

Question 8

what is the start code for RNA

Answer 8

AUG

Question 9

what is the template strand

Answer 9

the strand being used for transcription

Question 10

what is the coding strand ?

Answer 10

the RNA like strand , is not being used

Question 11

what is the reading frame

Answer 11

from AUG to one of the stop codons

Question 12

what is a frame shape mutations and what are the two example ?

Answer 12

single base deletion: removing a base
single base addition: adding a base
it where the frame shifts

Question 13

how would you correct shift mutation and explain it ?

Answer 13

intragenic supression ; restoration of gene function by one mutation that cancel the other in the gene

Question 14

how did they figure out which codons make which amino acid

Answer 14

1. they added synthetic (fake) mRNA with a known sequence in vitro
2. they use the radioactivity of the amino acids attached to the tRNA to depict the exact sequence

Question 15

is the genetic code universal ?

Answer 15

almost universal there are some ciliates and mitochondria who follow a different rule