Set B Vol 2 Self Test Flashcards
What explosive do we use as the comparison to measure explosive power?
TNT.
What are the economic requirements for military explosives?
Raw materials must be cheap and plentiful and the manufacturing process must be relatively cheap, simple, and safe. Raw materials must not be vital to other phases of the war effort.
What is brisance?
The shattering or fragmentation effect of explosives.
What term describes the tendency of a substance to produce vapors?
Volatility.
When a military explosive does not react with the metal that encases it or with another explosive, it is said to have what characteristic?
A natural compatibility.
What is meant by explosive toxicity?
An explosive’s poisonous characteristics.
What is hygroscopicity?
The moisture-absorbing property of an explosive.
What is the autocombustion rate of low explosives?
A few inches per minute to 1,300 feet per second.
What term do we use to describe the tendency of a substance to burn with a rapid and sparkling combustion?
Deflagration.
What condition is necessary for an explosive to detonate rather than deflagrate?
It must be confined.
What are the basic components of an explosive train?
Detonator, booster, and bursting charge.
What is a relatively small and sensitive initial component that begins the functioning of the explosive train?
Primer.
What are the two means by which we can activate a detonator?
By the action of a primer or by a non-explosive impulse.
What is the purpose of a delay?
A delay controls the timed delay in the functioning of the train.
What does an explosive booster do?
Detonates a main charge.
Of the three common explosive trains discussed here, which action—time, superquick, or delay—would cause a bomb to detonate on impact?
Superquick action.
Which effect of a general-purpose bomb does the most damage: blast or fragmentation?
Blast.
What effect causes greater penetration of the explosive charge?
Munroe effect.
What happens when you increase the standoff distance of an explosive?
Its penetrating capability is increased.
Name four weapons that use the Munroe effect.
(1) Artillery shells.
(2) Rocket warheads.
(3) Demolition charges.
(4) Antitank mines.
What are the four factors that control the visibility of pyrotechnics?
Candlepower, color, weather, and light.
What type of weather reduces the visibility range of pyrotechnics?
Moist weather, rain.
How do we classify pyrotechnics?
According to their purpose as illuminants, signals, combinations of signal and illuminants and simulators.
What are the two effects of signals?
Light and smoke
How can you identify pyrotechnic ammunition?
By its nomenclature, lot number, model designation, painting, marking, NSN, and DODIC.
How long does the AN–MK6 Mod 3 signal burn?
Approximately 40 minutes.
What is the candlepower rating of the AN–MK13 flare?
3,000 candlepower
Which day-night signal is designed to be used with only one hand?
The MK124 Mod 0.
How many flares does the personnel distress signal kit A/P 25S–1 contain?
Seven.
At what height and for how long does the A/P 25S–1 burn?
Minimum height of 300 feet for five seconds.
What is the A/P 25S–5A distress kit designed to do that the A/P 25S–1 is not?
Penetrate a heavy foliage canopy.
How long does the A/P 25S–5A distress signal kit flare burn?
Nine seconds.
What is the maximum height the M127A1 signal will reach?
650–700 feet.
What is the candlepower of the M127A1 ground illumination signal?
50,000.
What are the five main assemblies of the M131 ground illumination signal?
Launcher. Igniter. Delay. Parachute. Illumination composition.
What is the M131 signal designed to do?
To produce a distinctive red light above the ground fog, haze, or overcast.
What safety equipment is required for handling the MK50 Mod 0 flare?
Protective mask and butyl rubber gloves.
Which military weapons do we classify as “small arms”?
Those with a bore diameter (inside diameter of the barrel) of 0.50 inch or less.
What terms do we use to describe the measurement of small arms?
Gauge and caliber.
Which cartridge is the exception to shotgun gauging?
The .410 shotgun cartridge.
What color is the tip of an AP bullet painted?
Black.
Against what type of target do we use ball ammunition?
Personnel or light materiel targets.
What do grenade cartridges do?
Propel grenades and ground signals from rifles or carbines.
What is the purpose of tracer rounds?
To illuminate the path of the bullets so the gunner can correct his/her aim.
For what do we use noncombat ammunition?
Training and weapons testing.
Which type of round do we use for weapons loading training?
Dummy.
Why is wadcutter ammunition used?
It is used for medium-range practice and competitive shooting.
What is a small-arms cartridge?
A complete assembly of all components necessary to fire the weapon once.
What part of the cartridge case holds the projectile (bullet)?
The neck.
Where are the primer pocket and extracting groove located?
In the head of the cartridge.
What causes a bullet to spin?
The rifling in the gun barrel.
What is the purpose of the meplat?
Reduce the possibility of ricochet.
To what part of the cartridge case is the bullet crimped?
Cannelure.
What are the classifications of Air Force grenades?
Service, practice, and training.
Which grenade has a high-explosive or chemical filler?
The service grenade.
What are the uses for hand grenades?
Inflict casualties or damage and for screening and signaling.
What are some of the tactical uses of service grenades?
Fragmentation, irritant, riot control, screening smoke, signaling smoke, and incendiary.
What does the M26-series fragmentation grenade use for a metal body in place of the old cast-iron grenade body?
A thin metal body lined with a wire-wound coil.
What is the explosive filler for the M26-series grenades?
0.39 pound of composition B.
Why is the base of the M34 grenade tapered?
So that the grenade can be mounted on an M1A2 grenade projection adapter.
What is the filler agent for the M34 grenade?
15 ounces of white phosphorous (WP).
What are the uses of the M25-series grenades?
Riot and disturbance control.
Which grenades are used with the M1A2 grenade projection adapter?
Fragmentation grenades.
Which grenades are used with the M2A1 grenade projection adapter?
Chemical grenades.
What publication contains guidance on the safety and handling of grenades?
AFMAN 91–201, Explosives Safety Standards, and applicable TOs.
Why must M34 grenades be stored fuze end up?
To avoid possible leakage of the filler.
What compound do you use to treat the floors of magazines used to store chemical grenades?
Sodium silicate.
What are some of the things that you look for in inspecting grenades?
Damaged, rusted, or poorly marked inner or outer containers. Unauthorized fuzes and for deformed or missing safety pins. Look for leaking or exuding fillers; cracks, damage, or corroded grenade body or fuze; loose fuze; lot number of fuze or grenade unknown; missing markings.
What is the killing agent of the M18A1 antipersonnel mine?
700 steel balls.
What is the effective kill range of the M18A1 mine?
100 meters.
When using a claymore mine, what safety precaution must you observe?
Personnel up to 100 meters to the sides and rear of these mines should take cover for protection.
What is the special feature that makes the M14 almost nondetectable by magnetic mine detectors?
Its practically all plastic construction.
What are the two limitations of the light mortars?
They have a short range and a small-explosive charge.
What type of mortar can be broken down into several smaller loads for easier carrying?
Medium mortar (the 81-mm).
What is required to move heavy mortars?
Trucks or tracked mortar carriers.
What initiation source do we primarily use to detonate HEs?
Blasting caps.
Name the two types of blasting caps.
Electric and nonelectric blasting caps.
What is the purpose of the yellow painted bands on military safety/time fuses?
Used to estimate the length of burn during tactical situations where a test burn is not feasible
What is the rate of detonation for detonating cord?
Between 20,000 and 21,000 feet per second.
What is the purpose of the M60 igniter?
It is used to light a safety/time fuse.
For what do we use a flash vented squib?
It is used to ignite pyrotechnic or incendiary compositions or black powder
What is the purpose of the initiator well on the TNT demo block?
Receiving the initiating explosive/charge.
What is the advantage of military dynamite over commercial dynamite?
Military dynamite is safer to store, transport and handle.
What is the purpose of the M1A4 priming adapter?
It is used to secure electric or nonelectric blasting caps in a threaded activator well of a demolition charge
What is the M1 clip used to hold together?
Two strands of detonating cord.
How do we classify fuzes?
By their position, action, and method of arming.
Name the types of fuze action.
Impact, time, and proximity.
What principle of detonation does the proximity fuze use?
Once the bomb reaches the preset HOF, it detonates
What are the two main types of fuze arming?
Mechanically timed and electronically timed.
What are the most common safety features found in bomb fuzes?
Seal wires, cotter pins, safety blocks, and the detonator safe feature.
What safety device is normally installed at the time of manufacture?
Safety blocks.
When do you remove the sealing wire from an M904 nose fuze?
Prior to takeoff.
What is the purpose of the empty delay cavity on the M904 and M905 fuze?
It acts as an interrupter to the explosive train of the fuze during handling.
Which adapter booster do we use with the M904 fuze?
T45 adapter booster.