Session 9 - Liver

Question 1

Why does the Liver look brown?

Answer 1

As it contains lots of mitochondria

Question 2

What is the name of the ligament that separates the 2 lobes of the liver?

Answer 2

Falciform ligament

Question 3

What blood vessel does blood from the GI tract travel to the liver by?

Answer 3

Hepatic portal Vein

Question 4

What blood vessel deliverers oxygenated blood to the liver?

Answer 4

Hepatic artery

Question 5

What blood vessel leaves the liver to return to the heart?

Answer 5

Hepatic Vein

Question 6

Where is bile stored?

Answer 6

Gall bladder

Question 7

What hormone causes the release of bile from the gall bladder?

Answer 7

CCK

Question 8

What is a portal system?

Answer 8

Where blood passes through 2 capillary sets before returning to the heart

Question 9

Name 2 portal systems in the body

Answer 9

Hepatic portal system and hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system

Question 10

In the hepatic portal system, where is the first capillary bed found?

Answer 10

GI tract

Question 11

What travels in the hepatic portal Vein?

Answer 11

Water, carbohydrates, proteins, hormones, electrolytes, toxins

Question 12

Where is ammonia broken down?

Answer 12

Liver

Question 13

What is ammonia broken down into?

Answer 13

Urea

Question 14

What doesn’t travel in the portal system?

Answer 14

Lipids

Question 15

How are lipids absorbed in the digestive system?

Answer 15

They are taken into cell and processed in chylomicrons. These are then taken up by lymphatic vessels called lacteals in microvilli

Question 16

Give 4 functions of the liver

Answer 16

Storage, bile production, detoxification, metabolism

Question 17

What molecules are produced in the liver

Answer 17

Plasma proteins(albumin), glycogen and coagulation factors

Question 18

What is stored in the liver

Answer 18

Iron, vitamin A, vitamin B12, Vitamin D, vitamin K and glycogen

Question 19

What is broken down in the liver?

Answer 19

Drugs, hormones, poisons and haemoglobin

Question 20

What type of cells are present in the liver that have a phagocytic function?

Answer 20

Kupffer cells

Question 21

Give an example of the exocrine function of the liver

Answer 21

Bile is produced and transported out via duct

Question 22

Give an example of the endocrine function of the liver

Answer 22

It produces angiotensinogen and secretes it into the blood

Question 23

What is the most common cell found in the liver

Answer 23

Hepatocytes

Question 24

What is the function of hepatocytes?

Answer 24

Involved in bile production

Question 25

What is a sinusoid?

Answer 25

A tubular space for the passage of blood from the hepatic portal Vein and hepatic artery to the hepatic Vein.

Question 26

What is different about the endothelial cells lining the sinusoid?

Answer 26

There are large gaps between cells

Question 27

What is the portal triad composed of?

Answer 27

Bile duct, hepatic portal Vein and hepatic artery

Question 28

What is the liver acinus?

Answer 28

The functional unit of the liver

Question 29

Where are stellate cells found?

Answer 29

In the space of disse

Question 30

What do stellate cells contain?

Answer 30

Vitamin A granules

Question 31

What affect does cirrhosis have on stellate cells?

Answer 31

Lose their ability to store vitamin A and then different into myofibroblasts and start depositing collagen. The collagen can surround the central Vein causing hypertension and fill the sinusoids.

Question 32

Where are kupffer cells found?

Answer 32

Lining the sinusoids