Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology and Pharmacology > Session 8 extras > Flashcards

Session 8 extras Flashcards

1
Q

What organ/tissue does asthma affect?

A

Lung airways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the causes of asthma?

A

Exercise

Cold air

Allergens - pollen, dust, mould etc.

Air pollution - cigarette smoke, chemicals

Infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What cells are involved in the pathophysiology of asthma?

A

Eosinophils

Bronchial smooth muscle cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do eosinophils do in the pathophysiology of asthma?

A

Infiltrate bronchial smooth muscle,
accumulate there

Release cytotoxic mediators

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the result of eosinophils accumulating in bronchial smooth muscle in asthma?

A

Mucosal odema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the result of eosinophils releasing cytotoxic mediators in asthma?

A

Damage to epithelial cells
inflammatory response

exposure of sensory nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the result of the inflammatory response in asthma?

A

Hyper-secretion of mucus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the result of sensory nerves being exposed in asthma?

A

Hyper-responsiveness of bronchial smooth muscle

muscle spasms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the effect of mucosal odema, hyper-secretion of mucus and bronchial smooth muscle spasms?

A

Narrowing of airways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are two features of airway narrowing in asthma?

A

Variable

Reversible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the symptoms and signs of asthma?

A

Dyspnoea

Chest tightness

Wheezing

Coughing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How long does asthma last?

A

Chronic condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does the density of B2 adrenoceptors change in the lungs?

A

Density increases as airway diameter decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How does activating B2 adrenoceptors in the lungs give bronchodilation?

A

PKA decreases intracellular calcium conc.
decreases amount of calcium bound myosin
so bronchial smooth muscle relaxes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the categories of drugs used to treat asthma?

A

Bronchodilators - relievers

Anti-inflammatory drugs - preventers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the types of bronchodilators used to treat asthma?

A

B2 adrenoceptor agonists

Anticholinergics - M3 receptor antagonists

17
Q

What are the types of anti-inflammatory drugs used to treat asthma?

A

Glucocorticoids

Inhibitors of mediator release

18
Q

When might a short-acting B2 adrenoceptor agonist be used to treat asthma?

A

During an asthma attack

to give immediate bronchodilation

19
Q

When might a long-acting B2 adrenoceptor agonist be used to treat asthma?

A

Used at night to prevent flare up of asthma

used as part of long-term treatment

20
Q

Are B2 adrenoceptor agonists or M3 receptor antagonists more useful in treating asthma? Why?

A

B2 adrenoceptor agonists
give bronchodilation

whereas M3 receptors simply prevent bronchoconstriction caused by parasympathetic nervous system, which is not always the cause of asthma

Physiology and Pharmacology (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions