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Reproductive Unit > Session 6- Getting pregnant > Flashcards

Session 6- Getting pregnant Flashcards

1
Q

Where do sperm mature

A

Epididymis

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2
Q

What is the role of prostaglandins in the female reporoductive tract

A

They help stimulate muscles

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3
Q

What is the function of semina, plasma

A

Transport medium

Nutrition

Buffering capacity

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4
Q

Where does seminal plasma come from

A

Accessory glands of the male repro tact

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5
Q

What effect does oestrigen have on the cervical mucus

A

Causes a thin alkaline cervical mucus which is an ideal environment for spermatic

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6
Q

What effect does progesterone have on cervical mucus

A

Thick acids cervcial mucus which prevents further sperm from interacting with the reproductive tract

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7
Q

How much of seminal plasma is derived from seminal vesicles

A

60%

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8
Q

What is the composition of the seminal plasma tha is derived from seminal vescicles

A

Alkaline fluid that neurtralises the acid

Fructose, prostaglandins and clotting factors

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9
Q

How much of seminal plasma is derived from the prostate

A

25%

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10
Q

What is the composition of seminal plasma that is derived from the prostate

A

Milky slightly acidic
Proteolytic enzymes- break down clotting proteins and re-liquify semen
Citric acid, acid phosphatase

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11
Q

What is the composition of seminal plasma derived form the Cowper’s gland

A

Alkaline fluid

A mucous that lubricates the end of the penis and urethral lining

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12
Q

What are the stages in the human sexual repose

A

Excitement phase

Plateau phase

Organs phase

Resolution phase

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13
Q

what triggers The excitement phase

A

Largely psychogenic or somatic stimuli

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14
Q

Plataeu phase

A

Maintenance of stimuli

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15
Q

Orgasm phase

A

If the threshold os reached and stimuli is maintained

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16
Q

What is teh difference between the make and female sexual response

A

The resolution phase is followed by a refractory phase in men

17
Q

In the fist phase of the sexual response what dominates the pelvic nerve

A

The parasympathetic efferents as well as somatic efferents from the pudental nerve resulting in erection

18
Q

Physiology of ejection

A

Neuronal input causes arterial and venous input

Venous dilatation occurs due to increased blood flow against the tough tunica albuginea surrounding the corpus cavernosum

Sympathetic tine is inhibited while parasympathetic innervation i stimulated via te pelvic and cavernous nerve

19
Q

How does an erection occur in terms of parasympathetic nerves

A
  • post ganglionic fibres release ACh
  • ACh binds to M3 receptor on endothelial cells
  • a rise in increacellular Ca2+ activate NOS and formation of NO
  • NO diffuses into vascular smooth muscle and causes relation - vasodilation
  • NO also released directly from nerves
20
Q

What does an erection require

A

Sinusoidal relaxation
Arterial dilation
Venous compression

21
Q

Wha is the neurovascular supply to the corpus cavernosum

A

Cavernous nerve and vasculature

22
Q

What are he causes of erectile dysfunction

A

Psychological
Tears in fibrous Rosie of corpus cavernosum
Drugs

23
Q

What is ejaculation under te conral of

A

Sympathetic control

24
Q

Emission

A

Movement of semen into prostatic urethra

Contraction of SM in prostate, vas deferens and seminal vesicles

25
Q

How is semen moved into yet prostatic urethra

A

Conrraction of smooth muscle from the prostate, vas and seminal vesicles

26
Q

What prevents retrograde ejacualton

A

Contraction of internal sphincter

27
Q

What is capacition

A

Te process by which sperm became fully mature

The sperm cell membrane changes to allow fertilisation to occur and the tail movement changes

28
Q

What triggers the acrosome reaction an what it is

A

When sperm interact wit the zona pellucida

Consequent loss fo outer membrane of sperm- allow the head of the single sperm to penetrate the ovum and fuse with the membrane

29
Q

What triggers meiosis II to finish

A

A cortical reaction in the oocye

30
Q

How long ca sperm survive up to

A

72 hours

31
Q

What happens in the follicular phase

A

Thickening of endometrium
Fallopian tube function
Growt and motility of myometrium

32
Q

What happens in the luteal phase

A

Further thickening of endometrium

Thickening of myometrium and reduction of motility

33
Q

Acrosome reaction

A

sperm pushes through corona radiate

Binding of sperm surface to ZP3 glycoprotein of zona pellucida

Digestion f zona pellucida

Reproductive Unit (18 decks)

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