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Reproductive Unit > Session 1: The Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Session 1: The Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Why do the testes descend down

A

To allow spermatogenesis to occur at the optimum temperature which is slightly cooler than th core body temperature

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2
Q

Where do the testes lie

A

In the scrotum

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3
Q

What is the venous drainage of the testes

A

Pampiform plexus which cools blood arriving to the testes

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4
Q

What is the blood supply to the testes

A

Testicular artery which arises directly from the abdominal aorta

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5
Q

Where do the right and left testicular veins drain

A

Right- directly into the inferior vena cava

Left- left renal vein before joining the IVC

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6
Q

What is a varicocoele

A

If the left renal vein is obstructed due to renal or intrabdominal pathology scrotum can enlarge

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7
Q

What is testicular torsion

A

When the testis twist on itself - more so the testicular cord and blood supply can be restricted leading to loss of the testes

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8
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the testes

A

Para-aortic lymph nodes

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9
Q

What is the tunica vaginalis

A

A part of the peritoneum which envelops the testes when they descend down

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10
Q

What is a hydrocoele

A

When the tunica vaginalis fills with fluid

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11
Q

What is the tunica albuginea

A

A capsule that supports each testes made of dense connective tissue

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12
Q

Where does spermatogenesis occur

A

Seminiferous tubules of the testis

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13
Q

What cells are responsible for spermatogenesis

A

Sertoli cells

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14
Q

What cells produce testosterone

A

Leydig cells

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15
Q

Where does sperm maturation occur

A

Epididymis

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16
Q

Where do the seminiferous tubules come together

A

Rete testis

17
Q

How can you tell which is the ureter and vas

A

Water under a bridge so ureter underneath the vas

18
Q

What is contained within the spermatic cord

A 
3 fascial layers 
3 arteries 
3 veins 
3 nerves 
The vas deferens
19
Q

What is ejaculate made up of

A

65% consists of a fructose-based alkaline flui produced by the seminal vesicles which provides nutrition for sperm and neutralises the acidic environment of the vagina

20
Q

What does the prostate produce

A

A milky secretion which makes up 25% of ejaculatory fluid and contains proteolytic enzymes and is mildly acidic

21
Q

What do the bulbouretheral glands produce

A

Secretions that reduce friction making a tiny percentage of ejaculate

22
Q

What 2 types of tissues is the penis made up of

A

Corpus spongiosum - expansive tissue through which the urethra travels stays patent during erection otherwise ejaculate wouldn’t be able to pas through

Corpus cavernsum - main erectile tissue of the penis. Attached to bone to help anchor the penis

23
Q

How do the testes descend down

A

They evaginate the abdominal wall as they are pulled through by the gubernaculum forming the spermatic fascia that surround the testis and its vessels

24
Q

What are the 3 fascial layers of the spermatic cord

A

External spermatic fascia - external eblique

Cremastic fascia- internal oblique

Internal fascia- transversalis fascia

25
Q

What ar the three arteries/ veins

A

Testicular artery
Artery to vas deferens
Cremasteric artery

Pampiniform plexus
Vein to vas deferens
Cremasteric vein

26
Q

What are the 3 nerves

A

Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
Sympathetic nerve to vas deferens
Cremasteric nerve

27
Q

What are the 3 others in the spermatic cord

A

Vas deferens

Lymphatic drainage

Processues vaginalis - string of peritoneum

28
Q

How dos erection occur

A

Vasodilation in penile arterioles and compression of veins

This is initiated by parasympathetic stimulation

Terminated by vasoconstriction

29
Q

How is the tunica albuginea arranged

A

Collagen fibres are at right angle to each other

30
Q

Blood supply to penis

A

Dorsal arteries derived from internal iliac artery

31
Q

what does benign prostatic hyperplasia tend to affect

A

transitional zone

32
Q

where does prostate cancers tend to affect

A

peripheral zone

Reproductive Unit (18 decks)

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