Session 4 - Health, stress etc Flashcards
Actions people choose to take that increase the chances of disease, injury or early death are known as?
Health risk behavior
What are examples of lifestyle diseases?
- D_____
- Smoking
- O_____
- Lack of e______
- Drugs
- Unsafe sex
- R____ b_____
- Stress
- Untreated high blood pressure
- violence
- e_____ s_____
- Drinking
- Obesity
- Lack of exercise
- Risky behaviour
- excess sun
A personality associated with poor health that leaves someone depressed, anxious, hostile and frequently ill is known as?
Disease prone personality
What is early prevention training to resist pressures called?
refusal skills
Stress reduction skills, social skills, self responsibility and protection, decision making and problem solving training are all considered to be what?
Life skills training
What are the aims of community health campaigns?
• e_____ and l_____ major risk factors
• motivate people to change b_______
• use role models
• direct people to s______
• use social media for wide-spread campaigns and behavioural change
- educate and lessen
- behaviour
- services
- use social media for wide-spread campaigns and behavioural change
What is the link between social networks and health behaviours?
social networks spread behaviours, so a change in behaviour can be difficult due to social barriers and the people we associate with. i.e. if you want to be healthy, socialise with healthy people.
What is the functional drinking age (in relation to alcohol)?
Usually 2-3 years below the legal drinking age
A positive state of good health; more than just the absence of disease is known as?
Wellness
Any behaviour that tends to maintain or enhance good health is known as?
health promoting behavior
Personality style associated with superior stress resistance is known as?
hardy personality
What are the four key attributes of a hardy personality?
- Sense of personal c________ to self, work, family, and other stabilizing values
- Feeling of c______ over life and work
- See life as a series of c________, rather than threats or problems
- Strong s______ i______, creativity and play
- Commitment
- control
- challenges
- social integration
What are the 3 stages of General Adaptation syndrome?
- Alarm
- Resistance
- Exhaustion
When the body mobilizes resources to deal with stress by releasing more cortisol, adrenaline and noradrenaline the body would be in which stage of GAS?
Stage of Alarm
As bodily adjustments to stress stabilise and the body is better able to cope with original stress but less resistant to other stress, which stage of GAS would the body be in?
Stage of Resistance
When the body’s resources are drained, and stress hormones are depleted, which stage of GAS would the body be in?
Stage of exhaustion
What are some stress reduction techniques?
- E______
- meditation
- relaxation
- b_________ stress management
- social support
- coping statements
- positive s_____-t_____
- Exercise
- behavioural
- self-talk
pressure or demand placed on an organism to adjust or adapt is known as?
stress
A specific condition or event that challenges or threatens a person is know as?
stressor
What is eustress?
Good stress, activities are usually challenging, rewarding and energizing
What is the difference between primary and secondary appraisal of stress?
Primary: Deciding if a situation is relevant to oneself and if it is a threat
Secondary: Deciding how to cope with a threat or challenge
P________, is when we need to respond at, or near full capacity for sustained periods and is also a contributing factor in stress related illness?
Pressure
A work-related condition of mental, physical and emotional exhaustion
Burnout
C______, detachment and reduced personal a______, are some of the feelings/emotions related to burnout
- Cynicism
- Accomplishment
Negative emotional state that occurs when people are prevented from reaching desired goals is known as?
frustration
Conditions outside a person that impede progress toward a goal are know as?
external frustration
Personal characteristics or limitations that impede progress towards goal are known as?
personal frustration
The most persistent and frequent response to frustration but not always the first is….?
aggression
redirecting aggression to a target other than the actual source of ones frustration is known as?
displaced aggression
Vigorous effort and varied responses in order to get around a barrier is known as?
What is persistence?
reducing discomfort by leaving frustrating situations or by psychologically withdrawing from them is known as?
escape
Define conflict and the 4 types of conflict
Occurs when a person must choose between contradictory needs, desires, motives or demands
- Approach-approach conflict
- Approach - avoidance conflict
- Avoidance- avoidance conflict
- Multiple conflict
Protective behaviour that reduces anxiety is known as?
defense mechanism
Directly managing a stressful or threatening situation which has usually been appraised as controllable is what type of coping?
problem-focused coping
Managing or controlling ones emotional reaction to a stressful or threatening situation that we usually cannot control is what type of coping?
emotion-focused coping
Protecting oneself from an unpleasant reality by refusing to acknowledge or perceive it and also the most common defence mechanism is known as?
denial
A mother not loving her children and smothering and spoiling them instead is an example of what?
Reaction formation: Preventing dangerous impulses from being expressed in behaviour by exaggerating opposite behaviour
Disliking a co-worker, but turning it around to make it appear that they don’t like you is an example of what?
Projection: Attributing ones own feelings, shortcomings or unacceptable impulses to others
Saying that the dog ate your homework because you didn’t do your homework is an example of what?
Rationalization: Creating false but plausible excuses to justify unacceptable behaviour
Going back home to live with your parents after a relationship not working out is an example of what?
Regression: Retreating to an earlier level of development or to earlier, less demanding habits or situations
Blind/deaf musicians, artists and writers are examples of what?
Compensation: Counteracting a real or imagined weakness by emphasizing desirable traits or seeking to excel in the area of weakness or in other areas
A good liar becoming a politician or writer is an example of what?
Displacement: Diverting a thought or behaviour from its natural target toward a less threatening one (aka sublimation)
Belief that one cannot control the outcome of events is known as what?
Learned helplessness
Taking on some of the characteristics of an admired person, usually as a way to compensate for perceived personal weaknesses or faults is known as what?
Identification
Separating emotions from a threatening or anxiety provoking situation by talking or thinking about it in impersonal “intellectual” terms is known as what?
Intellectualization
Separating contradictory thoughts or feelings into “logic-tight” mental compartments so that they do not come into conflict is known as what?
Isolation
Study of links among behaviour, stress, disease and the immune system is known as what?
Psychoneuroimmunology
Illnesses in which psychological factors contribute to bodily damaging changes in bodily function is known as what?
Psychomatic disorders
Information given to a person about his or her ongoing bodily activities; aids voluntary regulation of bodily states is known as what?
Biofeedback
Which scale measures life changes and susceptibility to illness?
Social Readjustment Rating Scale
The many changes and adaptations required when a person moves to a foreign culture is what type of stress?
acculturative stress
