session 11

Question 1

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 1

advantages: Diversity, correction of errors

Question 2

Males

Answer 2

-start with Mullerian & Wolffian
-SRY gene on the Y chromosome causes the production of tests
-testes produce androgens, allowing Wolffian ducts to become male anatomy
- Wolffian ducts also produce Mullerian Inhibiting hormone (MIH), which stymies the production of female anatomy

Question 3

Mullerian

Answer 3

for women

Question 4

Wolffian

Answer 4

for men

Question 5

Female

Answer 5

-start with Mullerian and Wolffian ducts
-Ovaries develop, no androgen produced, Wolffian ducts degenerate
-No MIH produced, so Mullerian ducts lead to production of female anatomy

Question 6

Most important

Answer 6

absence of androgens (testosterone)

Question 7

Testosterone

Answer 7

both present in males and females, both hormones are necessary for normal brain development

Question 8

Steroid Hormones

Question 9

Men arousal

Answer 9

facilitated by testosterone

Question 10

Women arousal

Answer 10

Facilitated by estradiol

Question 11

Dopamine

Answer 11

neurotransmitter, makes sex reinforcing in both men and women

Question 12

Oxytocin

Answer 12

hormone-promoting pair bonding, released during orgasm, childbirth, and breastfeeding, basically “love”, promotes relaxation and a lack of anxiety

Question 13

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer 13

prepares an ovum and triggers production of estradiol, getting ready for ovulation

Question 14

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Answer 14

surge triggers actually causing ovulation

Question 15

Progesterone

Answer 15

shows that you’re pregnant, levels increase steadily during pregnancy, necessary for sustained development of the fertilized ovum

Question 16

Birth control

Answer 16

pumping the body of progesterone, simulating you’re pregnant so you can’t get pregnant again

Question 17

Women fertility

Answer 17

more sexual interest during the periovulatory period (highest time of fertility)

Question 18

James-Lange Theory

Answer 18

counterintuitive, something happens= reaction=emotion

Question 19

Panic attacks

Answer 19

actions and fear without the initial event

Question 20

Emotions

Answer 20

too dependent on context to be defined physiologically, can be unemotional with the some symptoms of someone that is being emotional

Question 21

Behavioral Activation system

Answer 21

-left frontal and temporal lobes
-low arousal/tendency to approach
-logical assessment of situations
-a logical conclusion can be fight or flight

Question 22

Behavioral Inhibition System

Answer 22

-right frontal and temporal lobes
-high arousal/tendency to inhibit actions; fear
-can overwhelm us, leading to almost paralyzing indecision/uncertainty

Question 23

Fear

Answer 23

most associated with the amygdala doesn’t cause fear but causes orientation toward fearful things or ambiguous situations

Question 24

Prefrontal Cortex

Answer 24

anticipates the likely outcomes of decisions

Question 25

Morality

Answer 25

struggle with the hypothetical decision, uncomfortable making a decision, can cloud the process of anticipating subsequent emotions/guilt

Question 26

aggression

Answer 26

most closely tied to serotonin levels; genetics varitations make some people more naturally aggressive than other

Question 27

violence

Answer 27

combintion of testosterone burss, low serotonin, and low corisol (low stress response)
anger without fear

Question 28

anxiety

Answer 28

anti-anxiety meds focus on making GABA more available, generally dampening nervous system arousal