Session 10 Flashcards
What can Haemopoietic progenitor differentiate into in Haemopoiesis?
Myeloid blast (blood cells) Lymphoid blast (immune cells)
What controls how Haemopoitetic progenitors differentiate?
Specific Cytokines
What are the 5 types of WBC?
Neutrophil Eosinophil Basophil Monocyte Lymphocyte
What is the function of Neutrophils?
Phagocytosis
Increased production by G-CSF
What is the function of Eosinophils?
Phagocytosis
Release cytotoxic particles to damage larger particles
What is the function of Basophils?
Mediate acute inflammation responses by releasing heparin and histamine
What is the function of Monocytes?
Migrate to become macrophages in many organs of the body
Phagocytosis and interact with T cells
What is the function of Lymphocytes?
B: humoral immunity. Stimulated by antigens, transform into plasma cells, which secrete immunoglobins.
-T: express CD4 on surface (helper cells); can be killer cells, permit the transformation of B cells into plasma cells
What is the nucleus of Neutrophils?
Multi lobed
What is the nucleus of Eosinophils?
Bi lobed
What is the nucleus of Basophils?
Bi or Tri lobed
What is the nucleus of Monocytes?
Kidney shaped
What is the nucleus of Lymphocytes?
Deep staining
What is the structure of Erythrocytes?
Biconcave disc
4 globin chains (2alpha & 2beta)
Each molecule carries a haem
What is the function of Erythrocytes?
Carries O2 to tissues and CO2 to the lungs
What is the structure of Reticular cells?
Synthesise reticular fibres and surround them with cytoplasm
What is the function of Reticular cells?
Direct the T and B lymphocytes to specific regions with the lymphatic tissues
What is the structure of Platelet cells?
Small round blue particles
Produced by megakaryocytes in bone marrow
Cytoplasm contains alpha and dense granules
alpha contains fibrinogen and Von Willebrand’s factor. Dense contains ADP and Ca2+
What is the function of Platelets?
Clotting cascade
Adhere to damaged cells walls and aggregate together.
How does RBC structure allow them to achieve their functions?
Biconcave, flexible disk (diameter 8 microm) facilitates passage that has a minimum diameter of 3.5microm.
4 globin chains, each has haem that can bind 1 molecule of O2
120 day lifespan
Up to the liver, what is Haem catabolis?
Haemoglobin –> Haem –> Billirubin
From the liver, where can billirubin go to exit the body?
Kidneys (Urobilinogen excreted)
Gall bladder, Intestines (Stercoblin excreted)
