Neurones Flashcards
What are the membranous coverings of the cranial and spinal nerves?
Dura mater (outside) Arachnoid mater Pia mater (inside)
What does a leptomeninge refer to?
The Dura mater and Arachnoid mater
What are the membranous envelopes of cranial and spinal nerves?
Epineurium (outer)
Perineurium
Endoneurium (inner)
What does the cell body of a neurone contain?
Nucleus
Nissel substance
Golgi apparatus
What are dendrites?
Specialisations of the cell body that increase surface area.
What are the 3 types of neurones?
Multipolar
Bipolar
Unipolar/Pseudopolar
Where can you find Bipolar neurones?
The retina of the eye
Where can you find Unipolar neurones?
They are primary sensory neurones
What is the most common form of neurone?
Multipolar
What is input summation?
Where the inputs converge
What is temporal summation?
Summated with respect to their time of arrival at the cell body/dendrites
What is spatial summation?
Summated with respect to their location on the cell body or dendrites
What is an excitatory neurone?
Causes its following cell to be depolarised
What is an inhibitory neurone?
Causes its following cell to be hyperpolarised
What are the two types of Neuroglia?
Microglia
Macroglia
What are the neuroglia of the CNS?
Astrocytes
Oligodendrocytes
Ependyma
Microglia
What is the function of the Astrocytes?
Transfer nutrients and waste between blood and neurone
What is the function of Oligodendrocytes?
Myelination
What is the function of Microglia?
Immunity and inflammation
What are the neuroglia of the PNS?
Schwann cells
Satellite cells
Microglia
What is the function of Schwann cells?
Myelination
What is the function of Satellite cells?
Physical support of the neurone
What is the function of Microglia?
Immunity and inflammation
