Service Quality and Best Practice Flashcards
What Are the Red Rules
- Know What is expected of you
- Understand the Customer Expectations
- Understand the Job requirements
- Make sure you have all the tools you will need to provide an exceptional experience
- Make sure the tools you have are working correctly.
- Communicate all risks associated with the job. 7. Know who to call and where to find their information.
What am I accountable for (Red Rules)
Competency - Developing my expertise
HMS - Know the process
Continuous Improvement - Review each job for process upgrades
Risk Management - Communicate the identified risks.
What are the tests we do in the lab?
Thickening Time (HPHT) Potential Compressive strength at certain times. (UCA) Rheology Free Fluid Fluid Loss Gel Strength Slurry Sedimentation Crush Test
Free Fluid Test
ability to prevent fluid separation. The problems this can cause are water loss, channeling, gas migration. 1.4% is the maximum allowed by Halliburton standard.
Fluid Loss Test
Test the ability to retain water in the slurry. Nitrogen is pumped into a slurry sitting on a 320 mesh screen. Volume and time for the nitrogen to make its way through is calculated into formula. Bad fluid loss tests can change the densities, volumes and cause bridging, Fluid loss is one of the worst things to have.
Rheology Test
Tests for slurry’s plastic viscosity at different sheer stress levels. It also tests for frictional properties and yield points.
Sonic Strength Test
UCA analyzer tests estimated compressive strength at different times in the hydration process.
Thickening Time Test
Done using the High Pressure High Temperature tester. Uses temperature, pressure and time to determine when the slurry is no longer pumpable at 50bc.
Compressability Test
Certain additives like Gas Stop and Super CBL liberate Gas from the slurry. The reaction should happen before the cement goes static. This test measures the time that reaction will happen.
Static Gel Strength Test
Two Tests. Zero Gel Time and Transition time. Zero Gel time is when the slurry reaches 100 lb/ 100ft2. The Transition time is the time it takes from zero gel time to 500lb. Once this number is hit, the slurry no longer transmits hydrostatic on the rest of the slurry.
Slurry Sedimentation Test.
Sees if the slurry experiences particle sedimentation. Determines the static stability of the slurry.
C.A.M.P.S
Centralization Annular Velocity Mechanical devices Pipe Movement Spacers and Flushes.
7 Mainstays
- Develop Solutions
- Prepare Resources
- Mobilize Resources
- Perform Job
- Demobilize resources
- Customer Paperwork
- Analyze Job
Best Practice - Spacers and Flushes
Cleans the wellbore and removes the mud cutting and filter cake. Aids with the bonding process of cement. Separates incompatible fluid. 10 Minutes of Contact time or 1000 ft of annular fill.
Best Practice - Top and Bottom Plugs
Bottom and top plugs are recommended on all primary casing jobs. Bottom plug after the spacer. Caution should be used when using a high amount of LCM because it could be plugged off.
Best Practice – Rat Hole
If the rat hole is large enough, a viscous pill should be placed to keep the cement from mixing with mud.
Best Practice - Centralization
100% Standoff is recommended but 70% minimum.
Best Practice - Flow Rate/ fluid velocity
Turbulent flow is ideal whenever possible. Pump as fast as possible to aid in the most efficient displacement. Maximize sheer stress on well.
Circulation - Best PRactice
2 full volumes or when no cuttings in well conditioned mud returns consistently to surface.
Mud Fluid Loss Properties - BP
decreasing the filtrate loss into the permeable zone enhances the creation of a thin filter cake. That is created by a low fluid loss system.
Pipe Movement - BP
One of the single most influential factors in mud removal. Reciprocation or rotation mechanically breaks up gelled mud and changes the flow patterns in the annulus which improves efficiency.
Wait time BP
Must hold the slurry static until it gets into the plastic state. The time dependent liquid must have enough time to undergo the hydration process. If drilling comes too soon, there may be problems like changes in the density, dilution settling, gas migrations, bridging.
What is the number one problem
Mud displacement best practices. failure of mud displacement which can lead to not only a cement job with less than ideal compressive strength but also to failure of zonal isolation.
5 Key displacement factors
- Mud Conditioning (circulation before which washes away filter cake and hole cuttings. 2 whole volumes are recommended)
- Mechanical Aids. (Scratchers and cement baskets which reduce hydrostatic pressure)
- Centralization
- Fluid Velocity
- Spacers which is an enhanced fluid to push mud out of the way while flushes are a chemical reaction to clean the well bore.
