Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Halliburton > Cemeting 2 > Flashcards

Cemeting 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Purpose of Mud while drilling

A

Cleans Hole
Transports drill cuttings
Supports wall
lubricates bit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

PV and YP

A

YP- Amount of force needed to put a fluid into motion or PV - keep a fluid in motion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the most common flow property in Mud removal

A

Laminar flow - Turbulent flow is seldom achieved.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What two factors affect the flow rate property?

A

Velocity and Standoff.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pre Job circulation rule of thumb

A

2-4 top to top volumes or/and well conditioned mud returns to the surface.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Although the rig will want a higher YP and PV to help make a filter cake on the walls, What does Halliburton prefer prior to a good cement job

A

Decrease YP and PV . YP to 2 and PV down to 15.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

HPUJ Shoe

A

Improves mud displacement
excellent filter cake removal
6 up 4 down.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Spacers and Flushes

A 
Helps with fluid comparability
fluid separation
mud displacement
protection of formation 
suspends solids.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Displacement Factors: CAMPS

A

Centralization - 70%
Annular Velocity - As fast as the well will allow without breaking ECD limits
Mud Conditioning - 2 hole volumes
Mechanical aids - Pipe movement. 20 RPM’s increases Disp Efficiency by 35%
Spacers - 1000 ft or 10 min contact time. Whichever is greater.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Principle reason for cementing wells

A

Isolates zones

supports the casing from corrosion, drilling shocks and potential burst or collapse.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

CEment additives

A 
Accelerators
retarders
Fluid Loss
LCM
Light weight h
heavy weight
Dispersant
Salt Gas migration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Purpose of an accelerator

A

Increase early strength development and reduce WOC.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Most commonly used accelerator

A

CaCl - 1-4% BWOC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

CaCl reduction of WOC 6 hours - 0% and 2%

A

100 and 1100 psi in 6 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

NaCl is an accelerator and retarder from when to when

A

<12

18-37%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Calseal

A

LCM/ Expanding agent and thixotropic/ increases visc and high early strength.. Decreases density and tthickening time. Used in Permafrost bc of of low heat hydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Retarders have different _____

A

Temp ranges. because some will break down in certain conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Lignin Retarders

A

HR5 most common by product of paper glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Light weight Adds

A

Tie up additional mix water and help suspend so free water does not form. Most common will be silicates and Bentonite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Gilsonite

A

Natural Hydrocarbon FLuid Loss Add. Helps with light weight as well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Fluid Loss and light weight adds

A

Poz, Gilsonite, hollow spheres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Foamed Cement

A

dispersed gas bubbles entrained in the slurry help it become light.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Heavy Weight

A

displace heavy mud, keep rheo profile and hold formation back.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Heavy weights:

A

Barite
Sand
SSA2
Hi dense - iron ore

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Dispersants do:
decrease visc so you can achieve higher pump rate without increasing friction
26
Fluid Loss
PRevents premature dehydration: counteracts the tendancy for a slurry to lose water during displacement Organic Polymers (HALAD)
27
LCm
Bridges off fractures or unconsolidated formations
28
Thixotropic cement is effective in sealing off +___
Lost circ zones and displacing viscous fluids.
29
Salt cements help protect
Clay and shale formations which are susceptible to sloughing.
30
CEment retrogression
Permeability of cement decreases over time thus rendering the cement susceptible to more decomposition over time. SSA prevents this -
31
SSA1
High temps
32
Transition time
from the time the slurry starts to gel to 500lb/100sq ft.
33
Super CBL
Generates gas to counteract the weaking pressure of the cement on formation. it keeps the potential for migration back.
34
Fine Cem / Micr Matrix Cement
Repair gravel packs and casing leaks. 10x smaller particles
35
Sandwich loading method
bulk/cmt/bulk.cmt/bulk
36
Cement Job Design : Formation information
``` Pay ZOne location sensitivity to water fresh water zones gas zones salt zones water flows ``` In addition to formation info, frac gradients and formation pressure Drilling fluids Temps
37
Silicalite
Expander comp strength increase thixotropic minor Fluid loss
38
BEst way to increase density
decrease water. This might make it more viscous and less pumpable . careful
39
Advantages of Foam Cement
high density range elastic increased compressability good strength to density ratio
40
Job time v pump time v. thickening time
time it takes to pump job including displacement pump - time fluids are in motion thickening time - time the slurry will remain pumpable.
41
SCR -
Non lingosulfate retarder, imparts thixotropy on slurry. Use with HaLad 9. Higher early strength than HRs
42
Why control fluid loss?
prevent premature dehydration prevent swelling or sloughing of zones prevents bridging from excessive filter cake build up.
43
CFR
friction reducer - dispersant - lower visc
44
types of liners
drilling production stub tieback
45
three techniques (liner)
1. over the lap - hard to estimate volumes 2. 8-10 joints above lap - - easier to drill out than remedial squeeze 3 planned squeeze
46
adv and disavd of planned squeeze
eliminates risk of potentially sticking drilling string | but leaves a gap where high pressured gas can cause coorosion etc.
47
reciprocation is difficult in liners
Dp connected during movement and cement above liner can cause serious problems. frac pressures can be exceeded due to swab or surge pressures.
48
What do we want in our spacer for liner
suspension of heavy weight additives. Flushes should be used in conjunction with a spacer on a liner
49
Liner Testing
Hydrostatic test differential test - packer above and removal of fluids and pressures so we would see if fluid in high pressure zones can penetrate and go into the low pressure zone. tests to see if the cement is honeycombed.
50
nothing is better for liner cementing than>>>>
good hole conditioning and stability
51
reason for running a liner
cost reduced weight on wellhead derrick weight restrictions increased flow rate on drilling and cementing
52
What retarded do we use in liner and or deeper cementing
SCR - natural sugars break down
53
Considerations when picking liner type
mechanical or hydraulic liner rotation during cementing liner through another liner?
54
most widely used
mechanical - set from surface rotation
55
hydraulic
if a liner is in well already... prevents premature setting pressure required to set slips
56
Versaflex liner
``` advantages: Improves cement job better seals Expandable hanger body setting sleeves ```
57
Number one cause of poor cement job?
Poor mud removal
58
Spacer vs flush
spacer is weighted - Spacer is densified
59
Why do we use spacer or flush
separate incompatable fluids aid in mud displacement leave downhole surfaces waterwet.
60
Spacers must have the ability to:
mixability pumpability (Without increasing the ECD compatability (with both fluids it contacts) stability - enough visc to suspend solids for removal wettability - leaves the hole waterwet for a solid cmt bond
61
Flocculation
abundant calcium in cement reacts with chemicals in the mud and forms cottage cheese like mixture
62
Common preflushes
``` water kcl seawater brine mudflush ```
63
Mudflush
4lb/bbl - simple- low foaming
64
MCA
Mud cleanout agent - dehydrates clay particles for removal
65
Spacers
``` TS CS DS Superflush POZ - Scavenger ```
66
Weighting material in TS3
Barite
67
Superflush really helps with
Lost circulation - reactive and has silicates to clog pores | Must be staged with non reactive fluid because of flash set
68
RCM
Recirculating Cement Mixer -
69
Most important factors concerning mixing
Density and mixing energy
70
Components of the RCM
``` 4x4 6x5 flowmeter 5bbl recirc tub 3 bbl downhole tub agitators ```
71
Micromotion F-300
recirc densometer - diversion tube next to . We typically want around 180 gpm running throught the micromotion F300
72
Name the field equipment:
Bins, 660, body load, batch, tiger, elite
73
What is foam cement
cement and foaming agents (nitrogen)
74
Why use foam
zones that cant support the req height and normal density (hydrostatics) light slurries with relatively high comp strength
75
Properties of foam cmt
``` compressable elastic improves bonding high strength to density low permeability ```
76
During placement, foam cement has
``` low density high visc low fluid loss compressability stable at high temps ```

Halliburton (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions