Main Halliburton Additives Flashcards
Super CBL
Expansive properties. It liberates gas and increases compressibility. Promotes gelation and accelerates.
CFR-8
Cement Friction Reducer. Decreases the viscosity which allows for a turbulent flow at slower speeds.
- Highly effective with salt slurries
(-Pozmix Cement)
Main Fluid Loss Additives
Halad 413, Halad 344, Halad 23, Halad 9. Retains water levels to ensure integrity of the slurry’s viscosity, density, thickening time, compressive strength and development. Bad fluid loss can cause gas migration
HALAD 413
Fluid Loss Additive at low temps. It controls fluid loss with KCL water and CaCl. Also acts as a minor dispersant and retarder.
HALAD 344
fluid Loss Additive
Used when thickening time is high. Does not retard. Good for lightweight and good strength development.
Halad 9
Fluid Loss additive
Fluid loss and dispersant that maintains density and viscosity. Good for water sensitive formations.
Accelerator Additives.
CaCl2
Nacl
Cal Seal
KCL
Used to decrease thickening time and decrease WOC. Typically used in surface cement.
CaCl2
Accelerator
Decreases Thickening Time and increases early strength. Low concentrations will decrease viscosity.
Cal Seal
Accelerator
Accelerates and controls lost circulation through expansion. Adds thrixotropic properties. Increases viscosity and early strength nut decreases density because of higher water requirement.
Salt (NaCl)
Accelerator
Decreases Visc. Decreases Thickening time. Increases final strength. Retards with high amount and provides a good bond in the annulus.
Types of Additives
Accelerators Retarders Fluid Loss Lost Circulation Light Weight Heavy Weight Suspending agents Expansion Defoamer Gas Migration Friction Reducers Dispersants
Retarders
Fe2 HR -25 HR -5 MicroMatrix SCR - 100
Allows the pump time to be controled until the cement is properly placed. Is a Ph modifier. Because of the PH difference, the chemical reaction slows.
HR -5
Retarder
Enhances the predictability of thickening time. Most used Retarder. Helps with early strength but its main purpose is to retard.
SCR -100
Retarder
Simplifies the design of thrixotropic slurries. Normally used for retarded properties with HR 25
SSA1
Strength Retrogression - Heavy Weight
Strength Stabilizing Agent also known as silica flour. - Tiny sand helps the cement have low permeability. and high compressive strength. Used as the main additive in Clean Spacer for weighting as it helps the spacer’s abrasiveness
Permeability
The rate or flow through a porous material.
Enhancer 923
Not an API cement but blended for cheaper applications. High surface area. and is normally ised in light weight cement applications. added to 50/50 poz or type 1 2. Decreases density and visc.
Thixotropic Properties
Increased sheer stress decreases the viscosity.
Non Newtonian fluid
Non linear sheer stress vs viscosity.
Silicalite
Lightweight
Extender for lightweight additives. Increases compressive strength in low temp, lightweight cements.
SA1015
Suspension
Suspension agent prevents solids from settling. Free water control. Small amounts can decrease viscocity and help with fluid loss. Overuse can have rheologies with high yield points.
Reduces the yield point
Yield Point
The amount of sheer needed to move a fluid.
Econolite
Reduces slurry cost by increasing volume and decreasing density. It is used as a lead filler cement.
Cannot be used with CaCl.
SD Spacer
Spacer Used to remove water based mud. For Oil based, a surfactant must be added. Low viscosity so it can achieve a turbulent flow. CFR or bentonite may be added to pump faster and maintain flow patterns.
30 minute wait time.
Tuned Spacer 3
Great Suspension properties
More accurate yield points across a wide range of temps.
Cost effective
Oil & water based muds
The rheology profile is flat across the board which promotes a wide tamp range and better displacement efficiency by providing a uniform flow velocity. No wait time as visc develops early. No CFR or bentonite needed as that would remove density.
Erodability
The measure of how easily a drilling fluid is removed from the wellbore.
I.e. TS3 increases erodability when removing problematic material.
Expansion Additives
Expand after cement goes static. It promotes bonding and helps with zonal isolation and the formation of micro annuli.
Microbond and Super CBL
Microbond
Expansion
Improves expansion properties in low temps and with weaker cements like cheaper 50/50 poz.
Lightweight Additives
Pozmix
Bentonite
Econolite
Silicalite
DEcrease the density of slurry.
Heavy Weight additives
BArite
sand
High Dense
Lost Circulation adds
Gilsonite
Calseal
Suspending agents
Econolite
BEntonite
Silicalite
Versaset
What makes Halliburton better.
Many additives are available to the whole market. WHat makes Halliburton better is the service quality and the unique developed solutions. The options Halliburton can provide are wide and vertically intergrated.
What is the reason we don’t use API quality cement
Gives Halliburton the ability to play with additives to change the properties.
Dispersants
Thins the slurry and reduces sheer stress by shifting the non Newtonian curve down.
Light Weight Additive
Anything that will soak up water. Bentonite soaks up water(most economical way) and gilsonite takes water out. Poz comes from flyash which is basically burning coal with a SG of 2.35
Foam, nitrogen and tuned light.
Heavy Weight Additive
and SG greater than 4. Anything that brigs water into the slurry.
Mixability refers to (2 things)
Density
Ability to waterwet particles.
Expansion Additives
Improves the bond of cement after it has gone static in the annulus.
Super Flush
Reactive Fluid Flush used before primary cement operations.
Works with all water based mud and is good in low temperatures (cold weather)
When used in a “double strength” design, superflush spacer can also alleviate minor lost circulation during primary cementing.
- Helps improve mud displacement and cement bonding
-Controls Fluid Loss
- Helps prevent lost circulation and slurry migration.
Mud Flush
Dispersant for clay particles and as a water wetting surfactant to chemically remove drilling mud and leave all downhole surfaces water wet.
User friendly and cost efficient.
CFR - 3
Friction Reducer
reduces viscocity and improves rheological properties. as a result, turbulent flow can be achieved at lower pump rates which results in reduced friction pressure.
Bentonite
Light Weight
When in water, swells to 10 times its original volume. Used to decrease slurry weight and increase volume. Makes a thick paste that also helps control lost circulation.
D-Air 3000L
Defoamer
Does not affect fluid loss, thickening time or compressive strength. Can provide good foam control even in slurries with high yield points.
Versaset
Thixotropic Additive
Helps control free water and promote high early strength and help control fluid migration.
Gilsonite
Lost Circulation
Does not shatter when perforated.
Can provide higher strength than heavier additives with higher water requirement.
Poly-E-Flake
Lost Circulation additive.
Also used in the spacer to check for returns or channeling.
SCR-100
Retarder.
Helps to simplify the design of thixotropic slurries.
Foam Cement
- High Quality, Low Density Slurry
- Increases the set cement elasticity
- Increases liquid state compressibility
- Cost Effective
- Able to respond to last minute density changes.
Poz (Fly Ash)
Made out of burned coal. Helps lighten the slurry and helps its pumping properties.
Helps reduce the permeability
Helps cement resist sulfate
Minimal mixing water and can provide good expansion properties
Has a nearly universal economic application to oilwell cementing
Cement G
Mountain G. It is a fine grind considered premium cement.
Tuned Light
LMS (Lightweight Micro Spheres) - Glass or crystal hollow beads that crush under a certain pressure once they begin to be displaced. That causes the density to increase once the LMC crush.
Creates competent cement down to 7.3 lb/gal
Provides fast strength development which will redice WOC time.
Provides lower permeability
Well Lock Resin
For enhanced wellbore integrity assurance, WellLock resin delivers a casing to casing barrier in the form of a chemical packer.
The elasticity is designed to withstand pressure fluctuations. and casing expansion and contraction. Pumped ahead of cement. The resin leaves a film that increases cement casing properties 6 fold.
Barite
Heavy Weight Additive for Mud and Cement. 85 lb added/ sk will produce a slurry weight of around 19lb/gal. Used to hold back high formation pressures and remove mud out of the hole.
Clean Spacer 3
Weighting agent - SSA
Viscosifier - SA 1015
Consinstant rheo profile with zero hydration period.
Used when customers are sensitive to price and want to stay away from TS3.
Flat profile along a large shear and temp range.
Advantages of CS3
low COGS
Improves cleaning at lower velocity
predictable rheologies
zero hydration time
Potential extra costs incurred without proper mud disp
Mud Reclaimation Remedial Cementing (Top out, squeeze) Additional Rig time Lack of zonal isolation lawyer fees, bad PR, corrosion problems channeling- gas migration
Commander
Rotating head
What is the difference between Spacer and Flush
Their yield point design. Spacers have a consistant yield point at many temps and shear rates. The yield point should exceed the mud’s yield point.
Size of large silos
4 - 12,600 ft3
Size of small silos
18 - 2,600 ft3
Most used additives
344, Econolite, bentonite, silicalite
Additives stored in small silos
lime, barite, tuned light beads, CKD, Poz
How are the silos cleaned
1300 lbs of clinker dust or CKD in between each load.
Are all jobs loaded from the top?
Tuned light is loaded from the back and blended at a lower PSI to prevent the microspheres from collapsing before they are designed to.
