Serous Cavities Flashcards
What 5 things make up the body wall?
- Skin
- Ext and Int Fascia of Trunk
- musculoskeletal elements
- skin muscle (cutaneous trunci)
A body cavity is defined as:
A three dimensional space with openings, that houses and protects organs
List the 3 body cavities of a mammal
- Thoracic
- Abdominal
- Pelvic
Which 4 skeletal elements make up the thoracic cavity?
- Thoracic Wall
- TV
- Ribs
- Sternum
Which 2 body systems are included in the thoracic cavity?
Respiratory and Cardiovascular System
Which is the most important muscle of inspiration?
Diaphragm
What is the clinical significance of the thoracic cavity?
It cannot expand
The 1st TV, the 1st pair of ribs and the manubrium make up what of the thoracic cavity?
Thoracic inlet
Which cavity has the diaphragm cranially, the pelvic inlet caudally and an intrathoracic part?
Abdominal Cavity
The last rib and the costal cartilages of the asternal ribs make up what?
The costal arch
Which body cavity is the smallest ?
Pelvic cavity
What is framed by the pelvic wall?
Pelvic cavity, Pelvic inlet, pelvic outlet, and pelvic diaphragm
The pelvic cavity has 2 parts:
Extraperitoneal and peritoneal
The entrance to the pelvic cavity is the ________ and the exit is the __________.
pelvic inlet ; pelvic diaphragm
Define a Serous Cavity
Small Closed bag formed by a T. Serosa (serous tunic) filled with minimal fluid
What is the thin sheet with epithelial lining and connective tissue layer called?
Tunica Serosa
List 3 advantages the T. Serosa and Serous cavity give
- Reduced friction btw organs and wall
- Enables organ expansion
- Produces/Reabsorbs fluid
Describe the histology of T. Serosa
- Simple squamous epithelium
- Basal laminate
- Lamina propia serosa (conn. Tissue)
- Tela subserosa (fat)
Which embryonic structure in development is the precursor to the serous cavities?
Coelomic cavity
List the 3 subdivisions of T. Serosa
- Parietal
- Visceral
- Intermediate/connecting
What are the 3 T. Serosa named when going by location?
- Pleura = lungs
- Pericardium = heart
- Peritoneum = peritoneal cavity
In the pleural cavity, what is the name of the connecting pleural that extends from mediastinum to lungs?
Pulmonary ligament
Which are the 2 types of parietal pleura in the thoracic cavity?
Costal and Diaphragmatic
What is the cranial part of the pleural cavity called?
Cupula
Define the line of pleural reflection
where the diaphragmatic pleura continues as costal pleura
What is the T. Serosa that guides the caudal vena cava to the heart and separates the mediastinal recess ?
Plica vena cavae
Describe the pleuropericardial folds in development
It is the structure in the developing embryo’s pericardium that carries the phrenic n. From thoracic inlet to the diaphragm
Where is the pericardial cavity located?
Mediastinum
What separates the pericardium from the pleural cavities?
Pericardial folds
Can the heart function without a pericardial cavity?
Yes, but with less efficiency
List the 4 layers of the pericardial wall
- parietal pericardial
- pericardium fibrosis
- parietal pericardial pleura
- pericardial serosum (
Which layer of the pericardium is the inner layer?
Pericardium serosum
Describe the function of the connecting peritoneum in the peritoneal cavity?
Carry blood vessels and nerves from the wall to the organs
Why can’t the pericardium expand?
Collagen Fibers
What may pericarditis cause ?
Decrease in cardiac output
What is the cavity that makes up the abdomen?
Peritoneal cavity
Explain the anatomy of the vaginal process
It is a diverticulum of peritoneal cavity expanding through the inguinal canal into scrotal cavity
What is the connecting peritoneum called?
Mesentery
What is inflammation of the peritoneal cavity called?
Peritonitis
The mesentery is divided into dorsal and ventral, what are the subdivisions of it called?
Depending on the attaching organ (mesoduodenum, mesojejunum, etc)
What is the dorsal mesogastrium called?
Greater omentum
What is another name for the ventral mesogastrium?
Lesser omentum
Where does the mesentery lead the vessels and nerves?
Intestines
Describe the attachment of the falciform ligament and the anatomy of it
Attaches liver to diaphragm/body wall. It is a remnant of embryonic ventral mesentery.
What is the name of the pouch formed by the greater omentum?
Epiploon / Omental bursa
Where is the cavity of the omental bursa found?
Between superficial and deep wall
What is the epiploic foramen?
Opening btw portal vein and caudal Vena cava, directly caudal to liver.
What’s the clinical significance of the dorsal mesogastrium?
Stomach rotation (gastric dilation volvulus - GDV)
List the 4 Peritoneal Pouches that are made from Parietal and Connecting peritoneum
- Rectogenital
- Pubovesical (left and right)
- Rectogenital
- Genitovesical
Define and give an example of a retroperitoneal organ
Organ with a partial peritoneal covering.
Ex: kidneys
What are the organs enclosed completely by the peritoneum?
Intraperitoneal organs
Describe an extraperitoneal organ
Organs without contact with peritoneum
Give en example of an extraperitoneal organ
Uterus, rectum
Liver, Stomach, Pancreas are examples of what type of organs?
Intraperitoneal
The vaginal process is made up of what tunics?
Parietal, Connecting and Visceral Vaginal
_______________ is a diverticulum of the peritoneal cavity
The vaginal process
