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Medicinal and Hallucinogenic Plants > Serotonin Enhancers > Flashcards

Serotonin Enhancers Flashcards

1
Q

What amino acid is serotonin derived from?

A

tryptophan

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2
Q

Where does serotonin most commonly occur?

A

the upper brain stem

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3
Q

Identifying traits of iboga

A

woody shrub, periwinkle family, native to Africa, hallucinogen

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4
Q

What’s the active principle in iboga?

A

ibogaine, enhances psychic powers, increases inspiration and assists in contemplation

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5
Q

Which cult is iboga important to?

A

Bwiti

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6
Q

What active principle is being investigated for opiate addiction therapy?

A

ibogaine; reduces unpleasant symptoms of heroin withdrawal

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7
Q

Where are psilocybin mushrooms traditionally used?

A

Central America

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8
Q

What caused magic mushrooms to be denounced?

A

Spanish inquisition

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9
Q

Who published an article about magic mushrooms and was shown a sacred mushroom ceremony?

A

Wasson

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10
Q

What are the active principles in magic mushrooms?

A

psilocybin and psilocin, serotonin mimickers

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11
Q

What’s the active principles in virola snuff?

A

tryptamine alkaloids like dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and smaller amounts of beta-carboline alkaloids like harmine

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12
Q

What does the DMT-MAO inhibitor combination do?

A

enhances the hallucinogenic effect

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13
Q

What part of the yopo tree contains the highest concentration of hallucinogen?

A

the seeds

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14
Q

Who was the first European to witness the use of yopo snuff?

A

Baron von Humbolt

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15
Q

What did von Humbolt think contained the hallucinogenic material instead of the plant?

A

snail shells that were mixed with yopo

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16
Q

What does yopo contain that virola does not?

A

bufotenine

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17
Q

Identifying traits of cebil

A

native to South America, tree

18
Q

Active principle of cebil snuff?

A

bufotenine

19
Q

How do cebil hallucinations differ from virola or yopo?

A

hallucinations are typically in black and white, and imagery is abstract and worm like

20
Q

With what drug does the collective unconsciousness become a reality?

A

ayahuasca

21
Q

How long does ayahuasca beverage stay potent?

A

a month

22
Q

What type of alkaloid is present in ayahuasca?

A

beta-carboline, includes harmine and hamaline

23
Q

Identifying traits of morning glories

A

native to central and south america

24
Q

Which morning glory plant produces angular seeds?

A

tlitliltzin

25
Q

Which morning glory plant produces round seeds?

A

ololiuqui

26
Q

Who suppressed the use of morning glories?

A

spaniards, like with mushrooms

27
Q

What type of alkaloid was found in ololiuqui?

A

lysergic acid, same as fungal ergot

28
Q

What are the fruiting bodies called that ergot creates?

A

schlerotia

29
Q

What is ergot poisoning called?

A

St. Anthony’s fire

30
Q

What was given to women during childbirth?

A

ergometrine, to induce labour

31
Q

What was used to treat head pain and migraines?

A

ergotamine

32
Q

Who investigated the pharmacology of ergot alkaloids?

A

Albert Hofmann

33
Q

What did Albert Hofmann accidentally ingest?

A

LSD

34
Q

What drug did the Harvard experiments consist of?

A

LSD

35
Q

Who got fired from Harvard?

A

Alpert and Leary

36
Q

Why and for how long was Leary arrested?

A

for possession of marijuana, for 30 years

37
Q

Which plant is used in the object ritual, where women and children are said to reveal where they hid treasure in their former lives?

A

iboga

38
Q

With which drug does the world appear to be turned upside down?

A

virola

39
Q

Which of these is not a phase of ayahuasca experience?

Spiralling, voices, visual distortion, flying

A

voices

40
Q

What was LSD used to treat?

A

schizophrenia

Medicinal and Hallucinogenic Plants (14 decks)

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