Separtaion Flashcards
Wat is a solvent ?
A solvent is a substance that dissolves other materials to form a solution
What is a solute ?
A south is the substance that dissolves in the water
What is solution ?
A solution s a perfect mixture of a solute and a solvent
What does soluble mean ?
If a substance can dissolve in water
What does insoluble mean?
If a substance does not dissolve in water
What is a mixture?
Two or ore substances mingled together
What are the 5 techniques to separating mixture?
Filtration
Evaporation
Distillation
Chromatography
Magnetism
What is filtration ?
Filtration is a method of separating an insoluble solid from a liquid using a material that allows the liquid to pass through but not the solid e.g. soil and water
What is evaporation?
Separates a soluble solid from a liquid e.g. salt from water
What is magnetism
Separates iron fillings from flour
What is distillation?
Distillation is the vaporising of a liquid by boiling it and then condensing the vapour by cooling it , e.g.sea/salt water to pure water
What is chromatography?
Chromatography is a method of separating different substances by passing it through a solvent in which the components separate e.g to separate dyes in a mixture
What is the filtration experiment ?
To separate a mixture of soil and water using filtration -
Method :
1. Place filter paper in the shape of a cones the funnel
2. Pour small quantities of the mixture into the filter paper.
3. The soil remains behind on the filter paper .
4.the water passes through the filter paper.
Result- water and soil are separated
Filtrate - the water that passes the through the paper
Residue - the material the remains on the paper
What is the evaporation experiment?
The separation of salt from water
Method-
1.pour the salt solution into an evaporating basin
2.heat the evaporation basin until most of the water has evaporated .
3.when most of the water has evaporated , adjust the heat to control to slowly evaporate the remaining water
4. When all the water has evaporated , the salt remain behind in the evaporating basin
Result - salt and water are separated
What is the distillation experiment ?
Separates salt from water using distillation (salt water to pure water)
Method-
1.pour sea water into the round bottomed flask
2.add anti-bumping chips to help the liquid boil more smoothly
3.connect the Liebig condenser to the water supply
4.gently heat the flask
5. Pure water is collected
Result -
Water and slat are separated.
What is the chromatography experiment?
To separate dyes in a mixture
Method -
1.using a pencil draw a line about 3cm from the end of the paper , using a marker place a spot of ink on the line.
2. Pour some water into the glass jar , about 2cm depth.
3. Hang the paper so that the water is below te ink mark
4.when the water reaches the top of the paper , take out the paper and allow it to dry.
Result - the ink drops has separated into he shades that make it up.
