Human Nutrition Flashcards
What do we need food ?
Energy , growth and repair
What are the nutrients ?
Fat , protein and carbohydrates , vitamins , minerals , water
What are the sources and function of fats ?
Butter , oil , oily fish
Insulation , protect our organs , cell membranes
What are the sources and function of protein ?
Chicken , eggs , fish
Growth and repair
(Made up of a chain of amino acids )
What are the source and function of carbohydrates ?
Starch - potatoes , pasta , rice (energy )
Sugar- fruit (energy)
Fibre - brown bread , brown rice , vegetables (prevents constipation )
What is the sources , functions and deficiency disease of vitamins ?
Vitamin C - citrus fruits , kiwi - making new cells - scurvy
Vitamin D - sunlight, milk cheese yoghurt - healthy bones - rickets
What is the sources , functions and deficiency disease of minerals ?
Calcium - milk , cheese , yoghurt - strong bones and teeth - osteoporosis
Iron - red meat , green vegetables - blood (haemoglobin) - anaemia
What are the function of water ?
It keeps out odd temperature stable
Lots of substances dissolve in water. Allows transport of different substances
Used in chemical reaction in the body
What do we need a balanced diet ?
Contains all the correct nutrients a person need depending on on their:
Age
Activity levels
Gender
What si the method and results for the test for starch ?
- Place the white bread or pasta onto a white tile to see the colour change clearer.
- A drop of iodine was placed on white bread or pasta.
- A drop of iodine was placed on some water (control)
- Both samples were the compared
Food - starch and water
Colour change - Blue black (s) and blue black (w)
Starch present - yes (s) and no (w)
What is the method and result for the test for reducing sugar?
- Reducing sugar (glucose powder) was dissolved in a little water and added to Benedict solution in test tube.
- The same volume of Benedict solution was added to water in a separate test tube (control)
- Both test tubes were placed in a heated water bath (not boiling) and the colour change were observed
Food - glucose and water
Colour change- brick red (g) , blue (w)
Glucose present - yes (g) , no(w)
What is the method and result for the test for fats / lipids ?
- Rub some butter / oil on brown paper and lave dry
- Pour water (control) on brown paper and leave dry
- Compare the results
Food : butter and oil
Translucent stain ? - yes (b) , no (o)
Fat present ? - yes (b) , no (o)
What is the method and result for the ets for protein ?
- Make up biuret solution (sodium hydroxide + copper sulfate )
- Pour some milk into biuret solution.
- Pour water into separate biuret solution
- Observe the colour change.
Food - milk , water
Color change - purple (m) , blue (w)
Protein present - yes (m) , no (w)
