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ATPL Air law > Separation > Flashcards

Separation Flashcards

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1
Q

Non RVSM separation

A

1000ft below FL290

2000ft above FL290

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2
Q

RVSM separation

A

1000ft below FL410

2000ft above FL410

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3
Q

When can climb or descent separation be maintained visually

A

Requested by pilot = agreed by second pilot

Classes D / E only

Vmc
Day
Below 10,000ft

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4
Q

What is lateral separation based on

A

Depends on nav air ac has passed

VOR = divergence 15° at 15nm
NDB = 30° at 15nm 
DR = 45° at 15nm
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5
Q

What is same track

A

Converge by angular difference less than 45°

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6
Q

What is reciprocal track

A

Tracks converge / diverge more than 135° but less than 225°

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7
Q

What is crossing track

A

Intersect at angles of 45° to 135°

Or

225° to 315°

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8
Q

Longitudinal time based separation same track

A

15 mins = standard / min

10 mins = if lots of nav aids

5 mins = first aircraft has 20 knots faster (if passed over same fix)

3mins = same as above except 40kts

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9
Q

Longitudinal separation = time based = crossing track

A

15 mins = normal / standard

10mins = lord of nav aids

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10
Q

Longitudinal separation time based climbing or descending same track

A

15 mins standard / min

10 mins = if lots of nav aids

5 mins = if within 10 mins of 2nd ac being over a reporting point

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11
Q

Longitudinal separation time based reciprocal tracks climbing / descending

A

Can’t climb or descend of within 10 mins of passing point

= 20 mins of each other

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12
Q

Longitudinal separation distance based DME same track / crossing tracks

A

20nm = standard / min

10 nm = reduced if 1st ac >20kts faster

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13
Q

Distances based separation climbing or descending

A

10 nm = standard / min

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14
Q

Distances based separation DME reciprocal track

A

Passed by 10nm

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15
Q

Longitudinal separation Mach number

A

0 Mach difference = 10 mins

All the rest add up to 11

0.01 difference = 10 min separation

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16
Q

RNAV separation

A

150kms (80nm)

Except

RNP 10 = 50 nm

RNP 20 = 80nm

17
Q

Radar based separation

A

5nm = standard / min

3 nm = when radar permits

2.5nm when both on same localiser + within 10nm I’d threshold

2nm = mode 2 parallel runway ops and ac on adjacent localisers after final app fix

18
Q

What is a heavy aircraft

A

> 136,000kg

19
Q

What is a medium aircraft

A

7000-136,000kg

20
Q

What is a light aircraft

A

<7000kg

21
Q

Separation for medium behind a heavy arriving

A

2 mins

22
Q

Separation for a light behind a medium or heavy arriving

A

3 mins

23
Q

Separation for a light / medium behind a heavy

Or light behind a medium

Departing

A

2 mins

For:
Using same runway
Parallel runway separated by <760m
Vertical separation <1000ft

24
Q

When is separation increases to 3mins for a light / medium behind a heavy (or L behind M) departing

A

From a intermediate part on same runway or an intermediate point on parallel runway

25
Q

What is the separation for displaced threshold

A

2 mins when
L/M behind H
L behind M

26
Q

Wake turbulence Separation for opposite direction

A

2 mins when:
L/ M behind H
L behind M

Low missed approaches

27
Q

What is radar wake turbulence separation for heavy behind heavy

A

4nm

28
Q

What is radar wake turbulence separation for heavy behind medium

A

5 nm

29
Q

What is radar wake turbulence separation for heavy behind light

A

6nm

30
Q

What is radar wake turbulence separation for medium behind light

A

5 nm

31
Q

What is essential local traffic

A

Any a/c or vehicle or person which may constitute a collision or hazard to departing / arriving aircraft

32
Q

What is essential traffic

A

Controlled traffic to which ATC separation is applicable

33
Q

An aircraft will be cleared to take off when the preceding aircraft has

A

Passed upwind end of runway

Or

Made a turn away from runway

34
Q

What is separation between IFR traffic departing

A

5 mins = standard

2 mins = predefined aircraft has a flight plan speed of 40kts greater than succeeding aircraft

1 mins = tracks diverge by more than 45°

35
Q

When can a departing aircraft no longer depart in the opposite direction to arriving aircraft doing a straight in approach

A

When arriving aircraft within 5 mins of threshold

36
Q

When can departing aircraft no longer take off in opposite direction to arriving traffic

A

Arriving aircraft has started procedure turn

37
Q

When is a expected approach time usually given

A

Applicable to aircraft with 10 mins delay or more

Must be given to aircraft with 30 mins delay or more

No delay expected = delay up to 20mins

Will be revised by 5 min intervals

ATPL Air law (26 decks)

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