Separating techniques

Question 1

What is distillation?

Answer 1

Used to separate a liquid form a solid

Question 2

What is fractional distillation?

Answer 2

Separating two different liquids

Question 3

How does simple distillation work?

Answer 3

1) evaporate liquid by heating
2) then condense the vapour by cooling
This results in the solid and liquid becoming separated

Question 4

What apparatus is needed for distillation?

Answer 4

1) condenser
2) continuous glass tube
3) thermometer

Question 5

How is the continuous glass kept cool?

Answer 5

Cool water is circulating it in the condenser continually

Question 6

How does fractional distillation work?

Answer 6

1) Put your mixture in a flask and stick a fractional colum on top
2) then heat it
3) liquid with lowest boiling point will evaporate first
4) this can then be collected
5) then raise the temperature

Question 7

What is filtration?

Answer 7

used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid reaction

Question 8

What are the two methods to separate soluble solids from solutions?

Answer 8

1) evaporation

2) crystallisation

Question 9

How does evaporation work?

Answer 9

1) pour the solution into the evaporating dish
2) slowly heat the solution
3) keep heating until only crystals remain

Question 10

How does crystallisation work?

Answer 10

1) evaporate solution until crystals start to form
2) remove the disk then leave to cool
3) filter the crystals out of the solution and leave them in a warm place to dry