Sensory Physiology Flashcards
Sensory receptors are depolarized except
Photorecptors: hyperpolarized
Mechanoreceptor:
an encapsulated receptor found deep in the skin throughout the body as well as in fascial layers where they detect indentation of the skin (pressure) and movement across the surface (high-frequency vibration)
Pacinian corpuscle
Mechanoreceptor:
elongated, encapsulated receptor found in the dermal pegs of glabrous skin and is especially abundant on lips and fingertips
movement of objects, low-frequency vibration
Meissner’s corpuscle
Mechanoreceptor: heavy and prolonged touch (pressure), joint rotation
Ruffini’s corpuscle
Mechanoreceptor:
an expanded tip tactile receptor found in the dermis of hairy skin that is specialized to detect continuously applied touch sensation
localizing touch sensation and to determine texture
Merkel’s disk
Myopia
biconcave lens
Hyperopia
convex lens
Photoreceptors: greater sensitivity
rods
Photoreceptors: greater acuity
cones
Which of the photoreceptors adapt first in the dark?
cones
Tactile cutaneous stimulation involving ___ can lead to pain suppression
type A–beta fibers
Layer __ of the somatosensory cortex receives the
bulk of the input from the somatosensory nuclei of the
thalamus.
layer IV
organ of corti is contained in
scala media
responsible for the inward-directed sodium current in the outer segments of the photoreceptors in dark current
cGMP
Outer/inner cells transmit majority of auditory stimuli
inner cells
stereocilia are embedded in what membrane? A) Basilar B) Reissner’s C) Tectorial D) Tympanic E) Vestibular
tectorial
Which of the following sensory systems has the smallest range of intensity discrimination? A) Auditory B) Gustatory C) Olfactory D) Somatosensory E) Visual
olfactory
most cells in the nervous system are depolarized by sodium except
sterocilia: potassium
neurotransmitter of retinal ganglion cells
glutamate
which tactile receptor forms the Iggo dome receptors?
Merkel disc
decussation of dorsal column
near the medulla
decussation of anterolateral tract
immediately
nerve fibers of dorsal column
large myelinated
nerve fibers of anterolateral tract
small unmyelinated
thalamus: dorsal column-medial lemniscus
VPL
thalamus: trigeminothalamic pathway
VPM
thalamus: anterolateral system
VPI
neurotransmitter for fast pain
glutamate
neurotransmitter for slow pain
substance P
Photoreceptor: adapts more rapidly
cones
Photoreceptor: adapts longer
rods
nerve fibers for olfaction
C fibers
vestibular apparatus: linear acceleration
otolith organs
vestibular apparatus: angular acceleration
semicircular canals
