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Physiology > Respiratory Physiology > Flashcards

Respiratory Physiology Flashcards

0
Q

volume can be inspired over and above the tidal volume

A

inspiratory reserve volume

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1
Q

volume inspired or expired with each normal breath

A

tidal volume

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2
Q

volume that can be expired after the expiration of a tidal volume

A

expiratory reserve volume

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3
Q

volume that remains in the lungs after a maximal expiration

A

residual volume

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4
Q

which of the lung volumes and capacities cannot be measured by spirometry?

A

residual volume

total lung capacity

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5
Q

sum of tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume

A

inspiratory capacity

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6
Q

sum of expiratory reserve volume and residual volume

A

functional residual capacity

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7
Q

volume of air that can be forcibly expired after a maximal inspiration

A

vital capacity

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8
Q

Determination of residual volume

A

functional residual capacity - expiratory reserve volume

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9
Q

equilibrium/resting volume of lung

A

functional residual capacity

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10
Q

FEV1/FVC: obstructive lung disease

A

decreased

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11
Q

FEV1/FVC: restrictive lung disease

A

normal or increased

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12
Q

Gas exchange: N2O

A

perfusion-limited exchange

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13
Q

Gas exchange: oxygen - normal conditions

A

perfusion-limited exchange

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14
Q

Gas exchange: CO

A

diffusion-limited exchange

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15
Q

Gas exchange: oxygen - strenuous exchange

A

diffusion-limited exchange

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16
Q

Gas exchange: CO2

A

perfusion-limited exchange

17
Q

Gas exchange: CO2

A

perfusion-limited exchange

18
Q

Where is perfusion highest/lowest?

A

Perfusion is lowest at apex (zone 1)

Perfusion is highest at base (zone 3)

19
Q

Where is ventillation highest?

20
Q

Where is V/Q ratio highest/lowest?

A

V/Q ratio is highest at apex

V/Q ratio is lowest at base

21
Q

Zone 1

A

alveolar>arterial>venous

22
Q

Zone 2

A

arterial>alveolar>venous

23
Q

Zone 3

A

arterial>venous>alveolar

24
Q

What is the response of the lungs to hypoxia?

A

Hypoxic vasoconstriction

25
Q

Medullary response center

A

reticular formation

26
Q

Medullary response center: inspiratory center, basic rhythm

A

dorsal respiratory group

27
Q

Medullary response center: expiration, overdrive mechanism during exercise, forced inspiration and expiration

A

ventral respiratory group

28
Q

Apneustic center

A

lower pons

29
Q

Pneumotaxic center

A

upper pons

30
Q

Which pontine center stimulates/inhibits inspiration?

A

stimulates inspiration-apneustic center

inhibits inspiration-pneumotaxic center

31
Q

Majority of bronchial circulation returns to right atrium or left atrium?

A

right atrium - 1/3

left atrium - 2/3

32
Q

normal inspiration is active or passive?

33
Q

normal expiration is active or passive?

34
Q

What muscles are involved in quiet breathing?

A

only the diaphragm

35
Q

Emphysema:
compliance
elasticity

A

compliance increased

elasticity decreased

36
Q

Fibrosis:
compliance
elasticity

A

compliance decreased

elasticity increased

37
Q

active component of surfactant

A

dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine/lecitin

38
Q

lung zone 1: alveolar capillary pressure vs alveolar air pressue

A

lung zone 1: alveolar capillary pressure IS LESS THAN alveolar air pressue

39
Q

lung zone 2: alveolar capillary pressure vs alveolar air pressue

A

lung zone 2: alveolar capillary pressure IS GREATER THAN alveolar air pressue DURING SYSTOLE

40
Q

lung zone 3: alveolar capillary pressure vs alveolar air pressue

A

lung zone 3: alveolar capillary pressure IS GREATER THAN alveolar air pressue

Physiology (12 decks)

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