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Physiology > Cardiovascular Physiology > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

site of highest resistance in the cardiovascular system

A

arterioles

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2
Q

largest total cross-sectional area and surface area

A

capillaries

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3
Q

contain the highest proportion of the blood

A

veins

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4
Q

upstroke current in ventricles is caused by increase in conductance of __

A

Na

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5
Q

upstroke current in sinoatrial node is caused by increase in conductance of __

A

Ca

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6
Q

hormone responsible for contraction alkalosis

A

angiotensin II

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7
Q

where does angiotensin II directly act on the kidney?

A

Na+-H+ exchange at proximal convoluted tubule

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8
Q

True or False: antidiuretic hormone is involved in minute-to-minute regulation of normal blood pressure

A

false

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9
Q

True or False: aortic arch baroreceptors respond to increases and decreases in arterial pressure.

A

False. Aortic arch baroreceptors only respond to increases in arterial pressure.

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10
Q

Coronary circulation: metabolic control or sympathetic control?

A

Metabolic control: hypoxia, adenosine

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11
Q

Cerebral circulation: metabolic control or sympathetic control?

A

Metabolic control

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12
Q

Muscle circulation at rest: metabolic control or sympathetic control?

A

Sympathetic control
Vasoconstriction: alpha-1
Vasodilation: beta-2

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13
Q

Muscle circulation during exercise: metabolic control or sympathetic control?

A

Metabolic control

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14
Q

Skin circulation: metabolic control or sympathetic control?

A

Sympathetic control

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15
Q

Pulmonary circulation: metabolic control or sympathetic control?

A

Sympathetic control

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16
Q

Prolonged QT interval: hypo/hypercalcemia

A

Hypercalcemia

17
Q

Shortened QT interval: hypo/hypercalcemia

A

Hypocalcemia

18
Q

Which phase is responsible for setting the heart rate

A

rate of phase 4 depolarization

19
Q

AV block that causes fainting in patients due to initially suppressed state of Purkinje fibers?

A

Stokes-Adams syndrome

20
Q

Atrial filling begins at what phase of cardiac cycle?

A

rapid ventricular ejection

21
Q

Venous pulse curve: a wave

A

atrial systole

22
Q

Venous pulse curve: c wave

A

isovolumic contraction

23
Q

Venous pulse curve: v wave

A

isovolumic relaxation

24
Q

Longest phase of cardiac cycle

A

reduced ventricular filling (diastasis)

25
Q

Incisura of aortic pressure

A

isovolumic relaxation

26
Q

vasomotor area of the medulla: excitatory area

A

lateral portion

27
Q

vasomotor area of the medulla: inhibitory area

A

medial portion

28
Q

cranial nerve: carotid baroreceptors

A

CN IX

29
Q

cranial nerve: aortic baroreceptors

A

CN X

30
Q

Which reflex is associated with increasing the heart rate in response to increased venous return?

A

Bainbridge reflex

31
Q

True or false: Myogenic theory explains autoregulation and active and reactive hyperemia.

A

Myogenic theory explains only autoregulation.

32
Q

Most potent vasoconstrictor

A

vasopressin

33
Q

Circus movements in the ventricles: increased or decreased refractory period?

A

Decreased refractory period

34
Q 
Ventricular volume is lowest in:
A. atrial systole
B. isovolumetric ventricular contraction
C. rapid ventricular ejection
D. reduced ventricular ejection
E. isovolumetric ventricular relaxation
F. rapid ventricular filling
G. reduced ventricular filling
A

Ventricular volume is lowest in isovolumetric ventricular relaxation

35
Q 
Aortic pressure is highest in:
A. atrial systole
B. isovolumetric ventricular contraction
C. rapid ventricular ejection
D. reduced ventricular ejection
E. isovolumetric ventricular relaxation
F. rapid ventricular filling
G. reduced ventricular filling
A

Aortic pressure is highest in reduced ventricular ejection

36
Q 
Mitral valve opens in:
A. atrial systole
B. isovolumetric ventricular contraction
C. rapid ventricular ejection
D. reduced ventricular ejection
E. isovolumetric ventricular relaxation
F. rapid ventricular filling
G. reduced ventricular filling
A

Mitral valve opens in isovolumetric ventricular relaxation

37
Q

Most ventricular filling occurs during what phase of the cardiac cycle?

A

Reduced ventricular phase

Physiology (12 decks)

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