sensory impairment Flashcards
what is sensory impairment
one or more of a persons senses is no longer normal
Leading cause of blindness
Cataracts
leading cause of vision impairment
uncorrected refractive errors
cataracts
symptoms of visual impairment - 5
Eye pain
Gritty feeling
Blurred vision
Double vision
Seeing floaters
what is cateract
clouding of the lens of eye
related to ageing
what is AMD
Loss of central field of vision
two types of AMD
wet and dry
what is the difference between wet and dry AMD
wet - severe sight loss in months, blood and fluid leak into macula
dry - gradual loss of central vision, layers of macula become thinner and function less
what is glaucoma
Fluid build up in front of eye increasing intraocular pressure
two most common glaucoma types
primary open angle glaucoma POAG
angle closure glaucoma ACG
difference between POAG and ACG
ACG more acute, drainage in eye is suddenly blocked
POAG slow onset, gradually clogged over time
what is diabetic retinopathy
lesions in retina of individuals with diabetes mellitus
what causes diabetic retinopathy
vascular changes in retina
high blood sugar levels
3 stages of retinopathy
background retinopathy - bulges in blood vessels
pre-proliferative retinopathy - bleeding into eye
proliferative retinopathy - scar tissue and new weak blood vessels on retina that bleed
risk factors of diabetic retinopathy
duration of diabetes
level of glycemia
high blood pressure
what is hemianopia
blindness in one half of visual field - can be upper lower R or L
causes of hemianopia
stroke is most common
4 preventions of visual impairment
regular eye exams
eye protection from sun
stop smoking
know family history
alternative formats to give information to visually impaired - 3
CD
Extra large print
Verbal
congenital causes of hearing loss - 3
birth complications
severe jaundice neonatal
infection during pregnancy
acquired causes of hearing loss - 5
infectious diseases - meningitis
exposure to excessive noise
ageing
chronic ear infection
injury
what is the hearing threshold fo normal hearing
0-25dB
stages of hearing impairment
mild 20-40dB
moderate 41-70dB
severe 71-95dB
profound 95+ dB
how does hearing impairment impact a patient
inability to communicate
isolation
frustration
