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Special care dentistry > haematology > Flashcards

haematology Flashcards

1
Q

2 symptoms of AF

A

palpitations
flutter

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2
Q

hyperglycaemia meaning

A

raised glucose levels in blood

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3
Q

describe type 1diabetes

A

more frequent in children
little or no insulin produced
need daily injections of insulin

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4
Q

describe T2 diabetes

A

more common in adults
body does not make good use of insulin produced
linked to unhealthy lifestyle
require oral drugs

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5
Q

HbA1c is 5.7-6.4%

A

prediabetes

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6
Q

target HbA1c for type 2 diabetic

A

less than 6.5%

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7
Q

HbA1c is greater than 6.5%

A

diabetes

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8
Q

below 5.7% HbA1c

A

healthy

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9
Q

risk factors of hypertension

A

smoking
obesity
genetics

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10
Q

what is furosemide and what is it used for

A

loop diuretic
hypertension

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11
Q

INR in healthy individual

A

1

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12
Q

what condition has target INR of 2.5

A

AF
DVT
pulmonary embolism

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13
Q

what condition has target INR of 3.5

A

recurrent DVT
mechanical prosthetic heart valves

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14
Q

how to calculate INR

A

PT /reference PT plasma

(prothrombin time is PT)

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15
Q

treatment plan structure

A

Acute
Prevention
Stabilisation
Restorative/Definite
Maintenance

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16
Q

patient has unstable INR
what causes change in INR

A

poor warfarin control

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17
Q

what treatment are you willing to do on INR 4

A

BPE
OHI
supragingival scaling

18
Q

haemophilia A is deficiency in which factor

A

8

19
Q

abixaban inhibits which factor

A

factor Xa

20
Q

The extraction of a single tooth is a high risk procedure when assessing bleeding risk : true or false

A

false

21
Q

management of pt who takes the medications aspirin and clopidogrel following a STEMI two weeks ago and requires the extraction of two asymptomatic teeth

A

delay extractions until 6 months

22
Q

management of pt who Takes the medication Apixaban and requires a single extraction

A

do not change drug regime

23
Q

management of pt who Takes the medication Dabigatran and requires the surgical extraction of two teeth at 0900 in the morning

A

miss morning dose and take evening dose

24
Q

management of pt who Takes the medication Rivaroxaban once a day in the morning and requires the extraction of 5 teeth at 0900 in the morning

A

delay morning dose and take evening dose 4 hrs after haemostasis achieved

25
Q

A person with Moderate Haemophilia has what percentage of normal factor in their blood?

A

1-5%

26
Q

Von Willebrand’s Type 2 is normally managed with which product to manage bleeding?

A

Factor VIII Concentrate

27
Q

Augmentation of factor levels is required for which of the inherited bleeding conditions:
Select one:
a.
Mild Haemophilia A
b.
Type 2a Von Willebrand’s Disease
c.
All of the above
d.
Type 3 Von Willebrand’s Disease
e.
Moderate Haemophilia B

A

all of above

28
Q

The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) would be deranged in

A

haemophilia

29
Q

The prothrobin time (PT) would be deranged in

A

liver disease of warfarin therapy

30
Q

Protrhombin time (PT) measures:

A

Factors 5 7 10 prothrombin and fibrinogen

(three factors prothrombin and fibrinogen)

31
Q

Activated partial thromoboplastin time (APTT) measures:

A

Factors 5 8 9 10 11 12 and prothrombin and fibrinogen

(seven factors prothrombin and fibrinogen)

32
Q

A patient with moderate Haemophilia A requires factor cover for supra-gingival scaling - true or false

A

false

33
Q

Topical miconazole for the management of oral candidosis presents a risk for patients prescribed Warfarin by potentiating bleeding? true or false

A

true

34
Q

management of pseudomembranous candidiosis in patient taking warfarin

A

toothbrush or gauze to clean palate
OHI denture hygiene
remove denture at night
nystatin

35
Q

why might you consider making a new acrylic denture for pt with pseudomembranous candidiosis

A

candidate species have ability to penetrate acrylic

36
Q

2 drug contraindications of miconazole and why

A

warfarin as increases potentiates effect

statin as risk of myopathy

37
Q

A person with severe Haemophilia has what percentage of normal factor in their blood?

A

<1%

38
Q

A person with mild Haemophilia has what percentage of normal factor in their blood?

A

6-40%

39
Q

how long before appointment should you check INR

A

ideally 24 hrs before but 72 if stable

40
Q

local heamostatic measures

A

LA with vasoconstrictor by infiltration
pack sockets Wirth oxidised cellulose (surgicel)
sutures
pressure to socket after closure for 20 mins

41
Q

post op instruction

A

avoid smoking and alcohol

avoid rinsing the mouth for 24 hours,

do not disturb the socket

avoid hot liquids and hard foods for the day

to avoid chewing on the affected side
Care should then be taken to avoid dislodging the clot

if bleeding apply pressure using damp gauze for 20 minutes. If bleeding persists, the dentist should be contacted

Give contact details

Analgesia advice

Special care dentistry (15 decks)

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