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Neuro 2020 > Sensory 11/3/16 > Flashcards

Sensory 11/3/16 Flashcards

1
Q

What system deals with the cutaneous sensation?

A

-Dorsal column system

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2
Q

What three general sensations deal with the anterior lateral system?

A
  • Crude touch
  • Temperature
  • Pain
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3
Q

What three general sensations deal with the dorsal column-Medial lemniscus?

A
  • Proprioception
  • Vibration
  • Fine touch
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4
Q

Where do sensory pathways start?

A

-Sensory receptors

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5
Q

T/F

The primary sensory neuron is a pusedo-unipolar neuron?

A

-True

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6
Q

In the primary sensory neuron what are the two branches?

A
  • Central

- Peripheral

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7
Q

What is another name for the primary sensory neuron cell bodies?

A

-Dorsal root ganglia

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8
Q

T/F

The peripheral branch of the primary sensory neuron goes to the spinal cord

A

False

-It goes to the periphery (skin)

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9
Q

T/F

-Sensory receptors are specialized to detect different types of inputs such as fine touch, vibration, and pressure.

A

True

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10
Q

What type of nerve endings detect pain, temperature, itch (ALS pathway)?

A

Free nerve endings

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11
Q

What type of receptors detect mechanical inputs?

A

-Mechanoreceptors

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12
Q

What type of receptors detect muscle stretch, tension, and joint position?

A

-Proprioceptors

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13
Q

T/F

Muscles give sensory feedback that helps drive the motor system

A

True

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14
Q

What does the speed of conduction depend upon?

A
  • Axon diameter

- Degree of myelination

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15
Q

What will the neuron look like if it has a fast speed of conduction.

A
  • It will be large

- It will have lots of myelin

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16
Q

What part of the body has the quickest speed of conduction for sensory nerves?

A

-Proprioceptors of skeletal muscle

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17
Q

What travels faster through the neuron, the proprioceptors of skeletal muscle or the mechanoreceptors of skin?

A

-Proprioceptors of skeletal muscle

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18
Q

What pathway are proprioceptors of skeletal muscles and mechanoreceptors of skin a part of?

A

-DCML pathway

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19
Q

What is the receptive field?

A

-Area detected by a single receptor neuron

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20
Q

What are the ascending branches in the spinal cord?

A

-Sensory pathways to higher centers

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21
Q

What are descending pathways in the spinal cord?

A

-Motor pathways from higher centers

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22
Q

How many neurons are involved in the sensory pathway?

A

Three

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23
Q

What are the cell bodies for the 1st order neuron in the DCML?

A

-Dorsal root ganglion

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24
Q

What are the cell bodies for the DCML 2nd order neuron?

A

-Gracile/cuneate nuclei (Medulla)

25
Q

What are the cell bodies for the 3rd order neurons?

A

-VPL nucleus (thalamus)

26
Q

What are the two major divisions of the dorsal column?

A
  • Medial tract (gracile tract)

- Lateral tract (cuneate tract)

27
Q

What part of the body does the medial (gracile) tract carry sensory information from?

A

-T6 and below (lower body)

28
Q

What part of the body does the lateral (cuneate) tract carry sensory information from?

A

-T6 and above (upper body)

29
Q

Where does the first synapse occur in the DCML sensory pathway?

A

-Caudal Medulla in the Dorsal column nuclei

30
Q

What are the two nuclei in the dorsal column nuclei?

A
  • Gracile nucleus

- Cuneate nucleus

31
Q

T/F

The first synapse is contralateral in the DCML

A

False

It is ipsilateral

32
Q

Where do axons from the second order neuron in the DCML pathway decussate?

A

-Internal arcuate

33
Q

After second order neurons decussate in the DCML pathway what do they ascend through?

A

-Medial lemniscus

34
Q

If you obliterate the medial lemniscus what side of the body do you lose sensory from?

A

-The contralateral side

35
Q

Where does the second synapse in the sensory systems occur?

A

-VPL of the thalamus

36
Q

Where do third order neurons ascend to?

A

-Primary sensory cortex

37
Q

What does VPL stand for?

A

-Ventral posterolateral

38
Q

Where do you find the primary somatosensory cortex?

A

-Post central gyrus

39
Q

What system is related to feelings from our body such as temperature, pain, and itch?

A

-Anterolateral system

40
Q

T/F

The anterolateral system is associated with emotion

A

True

41
Q

In the anterolateral system what do your sensory neuron ending look like?

A

-Free nerve endings

42
Q

What do the axons look like in the anterolateral system?

A
  • Thin

- Maybe or maybe not myelinated

43
Q

What are thin unmyelinated fibers called?

A

-C fibers

44
Q

What are thin myelinated fibers called?

A

-A delta fibers

45
Q

What are the two major classes of nociceptive neruons

A
  • A delta nociceptors

- Polymodal C-nociceptors

46
Q

What nociceptive neuron deals with sharp pain?

A

A-delta nociceptors

47
Q

What nociceptive neuron deals with slower burning pain?

A

-Polymodal C-nociceptors

48
Q

Where does the 2nd order neuron occur in the ALS pathway?

A

-Spinal cord

49
Q

When does decussation occur in the ALS sensory pathway?

A

-Spinal cord

50
Q

Is the first synapse in the ALS sensory pathway ipsilateral or contralateral?

A

-Ipsilateral

51
Q

Where does the axons of the first order neurons in the ALS sensory pathway travel through if they are going up or down a few spinal cord levels?

A

-Tract of Lissauer

52
Q

Where do the second order neurons decussate in the ALS pathway?

A

-Anterior white commissure

53
Q

What do the second order neurons from the ALS sensory pathway ascend in?

A

-Anterolateral system

54
Q

How do you tell if it is the cervical portion of the spinal cord?

A

-It will have both the gracile and cuneate tracts

55
Q

What sensory pathway is contralateral in the spinal cord?

A

ALS

56
Q

What sensory pathway is ipsilateral in the spinal cord?

A

-DCML

57
Q

Where in the brain are both pathways, ALS and DCML, contralateral?

A

After the DCML decussates in the medulla

58
Q

T/F

3rd order neurons in the sensory systems pass through the internal capsule

A

True

Neuro 2020 (7 decks)

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