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A and p > sense > Flashcards

sense Flashcards

1
Q

Sensing:

A

sensory cells translating stimuli (chemical, electromagnetic, mechanical) into Ap’s that our nervous system can integrate

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2
Q

Touch

A

a general (somatic) sense, it relates to our ability to detect pressure, pain and temp. it uses it through a variety of general sensory receptors.

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3
Q

Special senses: (5)

A

vision, smell, taste, hearing,
and equilibrium

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4
Q

Photoreceptors:

A

in our eyes, it converts light energy into AP that travels the brain

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5
Q

Light:

A

electromagnetic waves

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6
Q

The eye is surrounded by:

A

Protective fat and bony orbits in the skull

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7
Q

Eyebrows:

A

Keep sweat and sunlight out of eyes

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8
Q

Eyelids and eyelashes:

A

Trigger reflective blinking to keep eyes moist

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9
Q

Lacrimal apparatus:

A

Consists of lacrimal gland that produces and secretes tears and the ducts that the drain secretions.

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10
Q

Name the 6 Extrinsic eye muscles

A

Superior rectus
Lateral rectus
inferior rectus
medial recuts
superior oblique
Inferior oblique

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11
Q

Fibrous layer

A

outermost layer, contains the sclera and cornea

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12
Q

cornea:

A

window that lets light into eye

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13
Q

Vascular layer:

A

includes, choroid, ciliary body and the iris

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14
Q

choroid:

A

supplies all the layers with blood

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15
Q

ciliary body:

A

ring of muscle tissue around lens

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16
Q

Iris (colored part of eye):

A

ring of smooth muscle between the cornea and lens that contracts and expands to change the size of the pupil. Allows light into the eye and so the iris controls the amount that comes in.

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17
Q

Inner layer:

A

retina
Outer pigmented layer
inner neural layer

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18
Q

photoreceptors convert light apt’s travel through the:

A

Optic nerve to the thalamus, and then the visual cortex in the brain.

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19
Q

2 types of photoreceptors

A

rods and cones

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20
Q

rods:

A

Photoreceptors that only register black and white

21
Q

Cones:

A

photoreceptors that detect fine detail and color

22
Q

Lens:

A

convex transparent disc that focuses the light that is allowed in and projects it onto the retina in the inner layer

23
Q

Vitreous humor:

A

clear gel that fills the posterior segment of the eye behind the lens

24
Q

Aqueous humor

A

clear fluid that fills the anterior segment in front of the lens

25
Q

scientific words for smell and taste

A

(olfaction), (gustation)

26
Q

what do chemoreceptors do

A

detect molecules in the
air (dissolved in fluids from our nasal membranes) and our food (dissolved in saliva).

27
Q

Odor:

A

gaseous molecules we smell

28
Q

olfactory epithelium (nose)

A

When molecules hit it, the roof of the nasal cavity, it has olfactory sensory neurons

29
Q

taste buds:

A

Sensory organ of taste, inside of papillae

30
Q

papillae

A

(the bumps on your
tongue)

31
Q

Gustatory epithelial cells

A

taste receptor cells

32
Q

Basal epithelial cells

A

stem cells that make new gustatory epithelial cells

33
Q

ear:

A

sensory organ for hearing and balance (equilibrium)

34
Q

what are our ears designed to receive

A

mechanical waves and convert them to nerve signals that our brains can interpret

35
Q

sounds create

A

vibrations in the air that hit our eardrums and cause tiny
bones

36
Q

3 parts of the ear

A

(1) outer/external
(2) middle ear for hearing,
(3) inner ear for hearing and maintaining equilibrium

37
Q

External (outer) ear function:

A

Catch sound waves and pass them deeper into the ear
through the auditory canal

38
Q

pinna (ear):

A

in outer ear, part we see made of cartilage

39
Q

External acoustic meatus

A

auditory canal

40
Q

middle ear definition and function:

A

tympanic cavity = relay station between outer and inner ear

41
Q

3 tiiny bones in middle ear:

A

malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), and stapes (stirrup)

42
Q

middle ear function:

A

amplify sound waves to make stronger for when they get

43
Q

Eustachian tube

A

passage from the middle ear to the pharynx that aids in equalizing pressure around the eardrum

44
Q

Inner ear function:

A

turn physical vibrations
into electrical impulses (APs) to travel to brain

45
Q

3 parts of the inner ear bony labyrinth:

A

vestibule
Semicircular canals
Cochlea

46
Q

vestibule:

A

key structure for maintaining balance (in bony laberinth)

47
Q

Semicircular canals (ear)

A

aid in maintaining balance
when head rotates

48
Q

Cochlea: (ear)

A

contains hair cells that vibrate at different frequencies

A and p (9 decks)

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