Endocrine system Flashcards
The function of endocrine system:
Interacts with the nervous system to
coordinate and control the activities in your body
endocrine system uses hormones as?
chemical messengers secreted by
cells into extracellular fluids
Horomes Travel through blood to regulate functions in our cells
like: (5)
Reproduction
– Growth, development
– Blood nutrient
balance
– metabolism
- defending the
immune system
endocrine system overview
Uses hormones
released in blood
* Delayed responses
* Long-term responses
* Acts at target locations
that the hormones
diffuse to via the blood
(long distance)
nervous system overview
- Uses APs and
neurotransmitters - Immediate responses
- Short-term responses
- Acts at specific
locations the axon
brings signals to (short
distance)
How do the nervous system and endocrine system work together?
work together to regulate, integrate, and coordinate your body’s functions on a cellular level!
What are glands?
The endocrine system utilizes glands distributed throughout the body to secrete substances
Name the types of endocrine glands? (5)
pituitary, thyroid,
parathyroid,
adrenal, and
pineal
Exocrine:
externally secreting; release nonhormonal substances, like sweat and saliva, through ducts to the body’s surface
Endocrine:
internally secreting;
ductless; release hormones into
surrounding tissue fluid (like blood)
Negative feedback mechanisms
control the synthesis
and release of hormones
Name the 3 types of stimuli:
Humoral stimuli
– Neural stimuli
– Hormonal stimuli
Humoral stimuli:
hormone release caused by
altered levels of critical ions or nutrients, Simplest endocrine control
Neural stimuli:
hormone release caused by
neural input
Hormonal stimuli:
hormone release caused by
another hormone, Promotes rhythmic hormone release
Hormones can only alter the activity of target cells when:
specific receptors for them
A response in the target
cell also depends on: (2)
- Blood levels of the hormone
– Relative numbers of
receptors for the particular
hormone
– Strength (affinity) of the
binding between hormone
and receptor
Permissiveness:
when a hormone can’t do its job fully without another hormone present
Synergism:
when more than one hormone produces the same effects at the target cell an amplified combined effect
Antagonism:
when one hormone opposes the action of another
The chemical structure of a hormone determines
its solubility in water,
Two types of chemical structures
amino-acid based (water soluble and steroids (lipid soluble)
