Respirtory system Flashcards
General functions of the respiratory system (7)
- Obtain oxygen
- Remove carbon dioxide
- Filter air
- Control temp
- make sounds
- make smell possible
- Regulate blood Ph
identify the organs of the respiratory system (14)
Sphenoidal sinus
Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Alveoli
Right lung
Diaphragm
Frontal sinus
Nasal Conchae
Nose
Larnyx
trachea
Bronchus
left lung
The upper respiratory tract (3)
Nostrils, nasal cavity, pharynx
The lower respiratory tract (7)
Larynx, trachea, primary, secondary, tertiary bronchi, lungs, diaphragm
nasal cavity
large air filled space above and behind the nose, each nostril leads to its own nasal cavity
what does conchae mean
any spongy bone found outside the nasal cavity
Function of nasal cavity (2)
warm and filter air, provide a place for air to enter the body
Function of sinuses (3)
- keeps nasal cavity moist
- protects from dust partials/bacteria to enter the body
- Warms incoming air
3 parts of the pharynx (throat)
Nasopharynx, laryngopharynx, oropharynx
Nasopharynx connects the
Pharynx to the nose
oropharynx connects the
mouth to the pharynx
Laryngopharynx function
helps guide food and air
Point out the parts of the pharynx
Nasopharynx, laryngopharynx, oropharynx (on photo)
label the nasal cavity (8)
Frontal sinus, middle nasal concha, inferior nasal concha, external naris, spheroid sinus, internal naris, nasopharyx
larynx function
produce sound
what is the larynx made of?
muscles and cartilage
how the larynx produce sound?
When air travels it uses it to create pressure that vibrates the vocal cords
label the muscles on the larynx
Epiglottis, vocal cords, trachea, cartilage
Why is the Epiglottis important?
It allows food and liquids to enter the digestive tract
Where is the trachea
leads to the lungs from the larynx
why is it important that the trachea is fileable?
allows for airflow when breathing
what is the bronchi?
the passageways that connect your windpipe to your lungs
what is the function of the
small bronchi within the lungs?
to increase the rate which oxygen leads into the lungs/bloodstream
label components of the bronchi (8)
Larynx, trachea, primary, secondary, tertiary bronchi, pulmonary artery, vain and alveolar duct
The lungs are divided into systems called
lobes
why does the right lung have 3 lobes, but the left lung has 2?
the left lung is smaller due to the location of the heart
label the lungs (11)
superior lobe, middle lobe, inferior lobe, trachea, superior lobe, primary, secondary, tertiary bronchus, cardiac notch, inferior lobe
terminal bronchioles
the last conducting airway
terminal bronchioles lead to the alveoli which is
Small air sacs
Alveoli are covered in
capillaries, tiny blood vessels which lead to the veins
label the bronchiole
Alveolar sacs, Alveoli, pulmonary artery, bronchiole, pulmonary vein
respiratory membrane
the surface where gas exchange between the alveoli and blood occurs in the lung
respiratory membrane function
allows gases to cross by simple diffusion
The diaphragm function
The diaphragm is a muscle that helps you inhale and exhale (breathe in and out)
the diaphragm
The major muscle of respiration.
your diaphragm contracts (tightens) and flattens, moving down towards your abdomen
Inspiratory capacity
The max volume of air that can be inhaled normally
Expiratory reserve volume
amount of extra air above normal that you exhale during a forceful breath out
explain Boyle’s law
as volume increases, pressure decreases, as volume decreases, pressure increases.
tidal volume
the amount of air that moves in or out of the lungs with each respiratory cycle.
inspiratory reserve volume
the amount of air that enters the lungs when a person inhales past the tidal volume.
residual volume
the volume of air remaining in the lungs after maximum forceful exhale
vital capacity
Max volume of air that can be exhaled after taking the deepest breath
Functional residual capacity
Volume remaining in lungs after a normal exhale
Total lung capacity
total volume the lungs can hold
Explain how air and blood exchange gasses using partial pressure and diffusion
the partial pressure of oxygen is lower in the blood entering the lungs than it is in the alveolar gas, oxygen diffuses into the blood
Describe how oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported in the blood
dissolved directly in the blood, bound to plasma proteins or hemoglobin, or converted into bicarbonate.
