sensation, perception, and cognition

Question 1

whats the order of sensation and perception

Answer 1

-stimulus energy
-sensory receptors
-neural impulses
-brain, visual

Question 2

what is the retina

Answer 2

• a layer of photoreceptor cells

Question 3

what is the fovea

Answer 3

• small pit in retina
• provides acuity in vision

Question 4

what is a cone receptor

Answer 4

-sensntive to colour used under light

Question 5

what are rod cells

Answer 5

• used in dim light
  -black and white perception of colour

Question 6

what is colour constancy

Answer 6

perceiving objects as having a constant colour even through changing illumination

Question 7

what are the Gestalt principles

Answer 7

• shows how we put perception together as a whole in order to identify what were looking at

Question 8

what is cognition

Answer 8

the elabaration of information

Question 9

whats depth perception

Answer 9

the ability to see world in three dimensions, length, width and depth

Question 10

what is size consistency

Answer 10

objects dont tend to change in physical size, used as cue for depth perception

Question 11

what was valenzza et al 1996 study

Answer 11

-36 infants
-face like patterns displayed vs invered patters
-face like patterns were looked at longer so preferred

Question 12

mondloch et al study 1999

Answer 12

-3 diff age groups
- normal vs negative faces
- showed newborns can imitate faces from a few months old

Question 13

what does holistic mean

Answer 13

looking at the face as a whole

Question 14

what happened in the yin 1969 inversion affect

Answer 14

• subjects were shown upright, inverted, non face objects
• later asked if they had seen them earlier
• faces affected more by inversion than object processing
  -supports holistic face processing

Question 15

what is prosopagnosia

Answer 15

• a neurological condition with inability to recognise and remember faces
• people rely on hairstyles etc to remember
  -happens due to brain injury or neurological conditions

Question 16

what is embodied cognition

Answer 16

• thnking about, looking at and interacting with an object all result in the same activations in the brain

Question 17

what did Wiit and Brockmore 2012 study show

Answer 17

• body mind effects is legit as participants held objects for response
  -made it difficult to perceive stimulus object

Question 18

in the tucker and ellie 2004 study what was shown

Answer 18

• subjects saw large or small objects
  -task was to judge if object was natural or man made by moving response switch with a precision or power grip
  -shows cognition affects body by affecting difficulty of response action

Question 19

what happened in Helbig et al 2010 experiment

Answer 19

• subjects saw videos of hand actions, a picture of object and then a word
• subjects had to say if action matched the word
• when being shown action perceptual and motor representation activated which made it easier to recognise the object (word) that involved the action