- accurate and high res -non invasive -measures small bursts of magnetic activity induced in coil bethed in lipid helium above subjects head -when brain engages in activity small magnetic field forms - is very sensitive and finds what parts of brain involved in brain activity

biological psychology Flashcards by Louise Gurmin

what does frontal lobe do

motor activity
speech
impulse control
planning

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

function of parietal lobe

integrates sensory information
spatial tasks

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

function of temporal lobe

memory
emotion

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

function of occipital lobe

visual perception

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what does CAT scan use and is it invasive or not

x rays
-checks tissue density
-uses radiation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what does a MRI scan consist of

-radio waves
-generates images of brain tissue
-more accurate detail than CAT scan

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is an EEG scan

-patient wears cap
-cap has electrodes which record electrical currents in brain activity

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is a PET scan, 4 things

-use of injecting radioactive isotope tracer
-based that areas with high radio activity have the highest brain activity
-correlates w blood flow in brain
-invasive technique

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

whats an fMRI scan

-gives extreme high res.
-looks at structure and where activity takes place in brain
-detects between oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
-non invasive

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

whats an MEG scan

accurate and high res
-non invasive
-measures small bursts of magnetic activity induced in coil bethed in lipid helium above subjects head
-when brain engages in activity small magnetic field forms
is very sensitive and finds what parts of brain involved in brain activity

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

whats a TMS

-tempoarily turns off a part of patients brain

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are the 3 disorders of consciousness

-coma
-vegetative state
-locked in syndrome

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what experiment was done with an fMRI scanner

2 imagery tasks
-motor imagery: told to imagine to swing an arm to a ball in a tennis court with an instructor
-spatial imagery: to imagine walking from room to room in their own house
results showed brain activity in different places to responding questions

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what does left hemisphere control

-language
-computation (storing and transferring data)
-logical reasoning

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what does right hemisphere control

-spatial reasoning (understanding objects from different perspectives)
-face recogntion
-music

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what connects two hemispheres together

the corpus callosum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what does contralateral organisation consist of

visual processing
-reflects on retina and sends signal to opposite side of brain to process
-muscle and limb control organised contralaterally

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what does the somatic nervous system consist of and what are their functions

-efferent nerves, carrying signals from the CNS
-afferent nerves, carrying signal from the body to the CNS

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what 3 parts of brain make up the basal ganglia

-caudate nucleus
-putamen
-globus pallidus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what part of brain is damaged in Parkinsons disease

basal ganglia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what part of brain is involved in the control of movement

the basal ganglia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what does the autonomic nervous system consist of

-efferent nerves (CNS to internal organs)
-regulates bodies internal enviornments
-e,g: dialtes pupils, relaxes bronchi

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

how does sympathetic system work

simultanously all at once (fight or flight)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

how does the parasympathetic system work

-focuses on one organ at a time (rest and restore system) relaxes body

what does a polygraph measure?

- skin response (how much ur sweating) -heart rate -blood pressure

what is a problem with the polygraph test

reliability ranges from 25 to 75 percent

what side did iron rod go into Phineas gage's face

- left cheek through skull

what happened to Phineas Gage?

-hit frontal cortex that caused his mentality to change

what does cortex do?

- inhibition of emotions directing emotions appropriately

what do sub cortical structures produce

production of emotional responses collectively known as limbic system

what can amygdala damage do: name 4 things

- creates problems with recognition -problems with facial expressions of fear - block fear conditioning - creates lack of fear

what may abnormalities in psychopaths be linked to?

- linked to deficent or weakened input from limbic system

whats the function of dendrites

receive information from other neuron's to conduct signals into the body for further processing

what is function of axon

-long fibre -sends signals towards other neurons

whats function of axon terminals

- synaptic sites -end close to other neurones

what is the process called for the electrical conduction from neurones to dendrites of another neuronal

electrochemical process

name stages of electrical conduction

- when neurone resting axon is NEGATIVELY charged compared to outside -action potential when stimulus applied, causes membrane permeality -depolarisation: positive sodium ions cause potential to decrease - repolarisation, when -40mv reached sodium channels close and potassium channels open, potassium goes out of cell and charge goes back to original.

what is myelination

-speeds action potential -allows nerve to travel faster - speeds it up as nerve impulse as gap allows a.p to jump from one nose to another

what does dopamine consist of?

- in parkinsons disease -voluntary movement -pleasure -schizophrenia

what does serotonin consist of

-mood,sleep, depression - obsessive- compulsive disorder

what is endorphin an example of?

- a neuromodulator to pain

what disease is acetylcholine in?

- alzheimers disease

what disease happens if theres too little dopamine?

parkinsons disease

what are the two mechanisms of neurotransmitter deactivation in synapses

- neurotransmitter reuptake -enzymatic degradation of neurotransmitter

what happens when neurotransmitter reuptake occurs

- neurotransmitter is absorbed into synaptic cleft and reused

what happens when enzymatic degradation of neurotransmitter occurs

- in synaptic cleft neurotransmitter broken down and dissipates

what cell bodies of neurons for dopamine are in two midbrain nuclei, name the 2

-substania nigra -ventral tegmental area

what two pathways are involved in pleasure

-mesocortical pathway -mesolimbic pathway

what 2 ways can drugs affect synaptic transmission

- agonist -antagonist

whats an agonist

drug that facilitates action of a neurotransmitter

whats an antagonist

drug that reduces action of a neurotransmitter

what do depressents do with an example

- suppress bodily processes -alcohol

what do opiates do

-pain reliever -morphine

what do stimulants do with example

-increase alertness -cocaine

what do hallucinogens do with example

-produce sensory or perceptual distortions -LSD OR CANNABIS

why does repeated drug use cause tolerance

- decreased responsiveness due to less receptors -decreased binding of receptors -receptors less responsive

what 3 things can be done to improve brain function

-smart drugs -brain training to improve function -brain stimulation use of constant low currents