SEMI TOO Flashcards
time from birth through the
first 28 days of life)
neonatal period
average birth weight for a mature female newborn
3.4 kg(7.5 lb
average birth weight for a mature male newborn
3.5 kg (7.7 lb)
If a term newborn weighs more than 4.7 kg, the baby is said to be ______, a
condition that usually occurs in conjunction with a maternal illness
macrosomic
average birth length a mature female newborn
49 cm
(19.2 in.).
average birth length a mature male newborn
50 cm
Head circumference is measured how
across the center of the
forehead and then around the most prominent portion of the posterior head (the occiput
In a mature newborn, the head circumference is usually
34 to 35 cm
chest circumference in a term newborn is about
2 cm
temperature of newborns is about
99°F (37.2°C)
flow of heat from the newborn’s body surface to cooler surrounding air
Convection
transfer of body heat to a cooler solid object not in contact with the baby, such as a cold window or air conditioner
Radiation
transfer of body heat to a cooler solid object in contact with a baby.
Conduction
heart rate Immediately after birth
180
beats/min.
, a newborn’s heart rate is best determined by listening for an
apical heartbeat
respiratory rate of a newborn
90 breaths/min
better results when taking Blood pressure
Doppler
method
blood pressure of a newborn is approximately _____ at birth
80/46 mmHg
bowel contents appear both loose and green;
they may resemble diarrhea to the untrained eye
transitional stool
Blood-flecked stools usually indicate an
anal fissure.
Newborns with clay-colored (gray) stools indicate
bile duct obstruction
newborn increased bilirubin excretion will have what kind of stool
bright green stools
This reflex serves to help a newborn find food; cheek is brushed or stroked
Rooting Reflex
sucking reflex begins to diminish at about
6 months of age
Palmar Grasp Reflex disappears
6 weeks to 3 months of age
Step (Walk)-in-Place Reflex disappears by
3 months
reflex is elicited by touching the anterior lower leg against a surface such as
the edge of a table. The newborn makes a few quick lifting leg motions
Placing Reflex
vertical position with their feet touching a hard surface will take a few quick, alternating steps
The Step (Walk)-in-Place Refle
object touches the sole of a newborn’s foot
Plantar Grasp Reflex
Plantar Grasp Reflex disappears
8 to 9 months
It is also called a “boxer” or “fencing reflex.” the purpose of this reflex is not known.
Tonic Neck Reflex
can be elicited with a loud noise or by jarring the
bassinet.
Moro (startle) reflex
Moro (startle) reflex fades by the end of
fourth or fifth month.
The Babinski Reflex remains positive (toes fan) until at least
3 months of age
pressure is applied to the soles of the feet she pushes back against the pressure
Magnet Reflex
reflexes are tests of
spinal cord integrity
Magnet Reflex
Crossed Extension Reflex
Trunk Incurvation
sole of that foot is
irritated infant raises the
other leg
Crossed Extension
a reflex testing tone; supported in a prone position by a hand
Landau Reflex
The fetus has a
blink or squint reflex in response to a bright light in utero by
26 weeks gestation
indicates decreased oxygenation that could be occurring as the result of
a temporary respiratory obstruction and also could reflect a serious underlying
respiratory or cardiac disease.
central cyanosis
collection of blood
under the periosteum of the skull bone caused by pressure at birth
cephalohematoma
red on the dependent side of the body and pale on the upper side
Harlequin Sign
vascular tumors of the skin
Hemangiomas
Benign macular purple
or dark-red lesion (also
called a
port-wine stain/Nevus flammeus
birth mark appearing on nape of neck; no treatment
stork
bites
Light-pink patches
stork bites or telangiectasia
Elevated areas formed by
immature capillaries and
endothelial cells
Infantile
hemangiomas
(also called
strawberry
hemangiomas
used to reduce
size of Infantile
hemangiomas
strawberry
hemangiomas
Propranolol
(Inderal) and
corticosteroids
Caused by dilated vascular
spaces Raised and irregular shape
Cavernous
hemangioma
treatment of Cavernous
hemangioma
Steroids, interferon
alfa-2a, vincristine,
or radiation
collections of pigment cells appear as slate
gray patches across the sacrum or buttocks
Mongolian spots
sometimes
called a flea-bite rash because the lesions are so minuscule.
Erythema toxicum
The anterior fontanelle normally closes at
12 to 18
months of age
edema of the scalp that forms on the presenting
part of the head.
Caput Succedaneum
A small
capillary beneath the periosteum of the skull bone has ruptured, and
blood has collected under the periosteum of the bone
Cephalohematoma
a thin, watery fluid
witch’s milk.
grunting sound suggests
respiratory distress syndrome
both testicles are not presen
cryptorchidism
absence
of the testes
agenesis
the testes are present in the abdomen but cannot enter the scrotum
ectopic testes
female newborns also have a mucus vaginal
secretion
pseudomenstruation
pseudomenstruation disappears within
1 or 2 days.
newborns receive a complete sponge bath in
2 to 4 hours after birth when their
temperature and vital signs are stable
vaccination against
hepatitis B within
12 hours after birth; a second dose will then be administered at 1
month and a third one at 6 months
administered intramuscularly risk for bleeding disorders during the first week of life
dose of 0.5 to 1.0 mg of vitamin K
