Semester 2 Midterm: Swine

Question 1

Length of oestrus?

Answer 1

20 - 21,5 days

Question 2

How many ml sperm does the male / boar have?

Answer 2

200 ml 
(Concentration = 300.000 / ml)

Question 3

How long can we store the sperm?

Answer 3

3-7 days

Question 4

What is the back pressure test?

Answer 4

Control of standing reflex

Ovulation during the last day of oestrus

Question 5

In which form does the ovum get into the uterus?

Answer 5

4 cells

Question 6

How long is the pregnancy?

Answer 6

114-115 days

3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days

Question 7

How old is the sow when is gets sexually mature?

Answer 7

5-7 months = Puberty (160-170 days)

Question 8

How old are the piglets when weaning them?

Answer 8

35 days

Question 9

From which day can we use something for induction of calving?

Answer 9

112th day

Question 10

What can we give to synchronise calving?

Answer 10

Progestagens 18 days (?)

Question 11

In the sow, the maternal recognition of pregnancy is based on the production of

a. Progesterone
b. Pregnancy-specific hormone B
c. Oestradiol
d. Pregnancy-associated glycoprotein

Answer 11

c. Oestradiol

Question 12

How much sperm do we need for artificial insemination?

Answer 12

80 ml

Question 13

Age of first breeding season?

Answer 13

170-210 days

Question 14

Endocrinological background of pregnancy?

Answer 14

True / false question

Question 15

Heat length?

Answer 15

3 days

Question 16

Relationship between oestrus and ovulation?

Answer 16

Duration of heat is 3 days, ovulation between 36-44 hours

Question 17

Uterus abnormalities, best examination method?

Answer 17

Ultrasound

Question 18

How do we close the uterine wound in the sow?

Answer 18

Usually in two layers, using seromuscular sutures

Question 19

How do we close the uterine wound in the sow?

a. Using interrupted sutures
b. The first step is to apply continuous suture through all layers
c. Using running suture with absorbable material
d. Usually in two layers, using seromuscular sutures

Answer 19

d. Usually in two layers, using seromuscular sutures

Question 20

How do we remove piglets from the uterus in sow?

a. I always fix the head of the piglet and take is out through the uterine wound
b. With one hand I fix the head, or the hind legs, while with the other hand I apply massage to the outside of the uterus
c. I inject oxytocin and wait until the piglets appear in the wound after each other, then I gently take them out
d. I open the uterus above every piglet then close the wound immediately after removing each piglet

Answer 20

b. With one hand I fix the head, or the hind legs, while with the other hand I apply massage to the outside of the uterus

Question 21

Where do I open the abdominal wall in the swine for c-section?

a. Exclusively on the left paralumbar area
b. Only ventral midline
c. Even on the right side, along the direction of the internal oblique muscle
d. Near the vulva in a dorsolateral direction

Answer 21

c. Even on the right side, along the direction of the internal oblique muscle

Question 22

Which statement is correct?

a. C-section is the only obstetrical aid in sows
b. This should always be applied in double sided hip flexion
c. I always have to choose this if parturition stopped because a piglet had obdurated the birth canal, and I can not remove it per vagina
d. If I cannot perform an episiotomy

Answer 22

c. I always have to choose this if parturition stopped because a piglet had obdurated the birth canal, and I can not remove it per vagina

Question 23

Which statement is correct for swine?

Answer 23

Only free part of the foetal membrane have to be removed

Question 24

The following instruments can be used during c-section in the sow

a. Ostertag’s eye hooks
b. Obstetrical chains
c. Needle holder
d. Kuhne’s crutch

Answer 24

c. Needle holder

Question 25

Choose the only FALSE statement concerning the c-section in the sow

Answer 25

Vaginal prolapse is a rare condition

Question 26

Choose the only FALSE statement concerning the c-section in the sow

Answer 26

Vaginal prolapse is a rare condition We open the uterus close to the ovary

Question 27

Choose the only correct statement concerning the c-section in sow

Answer 27

We do it either in the deep sedation combined with local anaesthesia, or in general anaesthesia

Question 28

Choose the only FALSE statement concerning the complications of the c-section in the sow

Answer 28

Obstipation never occurs

Question 29

What is the relationship between the heat and ovulation in swine? a. Duration of the heat is 24-36 hours, ovulation at the beginning of the oestrus b. Duration of the heat is 3 days, ovulation between 36-44 hours c. Duration of the heat is 24 hours, ovulation 12 hours after the end of clinical oestrus d. Duration of the heat is 5-7 days, ovulation 24 hours before the end of clinical oestrus e. Duration of the heat is 9 days, ovulation between day 2-4

Answer 29

b. Duration of the heat is 3 days, ovulation between 36-44 hours (46-54?)

Question 30

Oestrus cycle of the gilts can be synchronised by? a. Single luteolytic dose of prostaglandin F2a (or analogue) b. Two luteolytic injections of prostaglandin F2a (or analogue) 11 days apart c. Long term use of progesterone releasing intravaginal device (PRID) or subcutaneous implant d. Feeding synthetic progestogen (e.g. Regumate) for 10-15 days e. GnRH - PGF2a - GnRH treatment (Ovsynch method)

Answer 30

d. Feeding synthetic progestogen (e.g. Regumate) for 10-15 days

Question 31

For maintaining the porcine pregnancy luteal progesterone is required a. During the first 35-40 days, thereafter the foetoplacental unit is enough b. Throughout the entire pregnancy, because the swine is CL dependent species c. For approximately 100 days, later stage of the pregnancy is maintained even after ovariectomy d. Second half of the pregnancy can be maintained by corticosteroid hormones alone e. The porcine pregnancy is maintained by oestrogen hormones

Answer 31

b. Throughout the entire pregnancy, because the swine is CL dependent species

Question 32

What is typical for C-section in swine? a. It is performed in standing position b. The pregnant uterine horn has to be opened near the tip of the horn c. The uterus should preferably be opened intra abdominally d. Usually it is performed in anaesthetised animals

Answer 32

d. Usually it is performed in anaesthetised animals

Question 33

What do we do with the placentas during c-section in the sow before closing the uterine wound? a. We remove all of them b. We cut those parts that hang out of the wound and leave the rest in the uterus and we put uterine pills containing antibiotics into the lumen c. We detach the easily detachable cotyledons from the caruncles d. We remove them and flush the uterus with saline solution

Answer 33

b. We cut those parts that hang out of the wound and leave the rest in the uterus and we put uterine pills containing antibiotics into the lumen

Question 34

The name of the most frequently used double tube foetome?

Answer 34

Thygesen