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Science 2016-2017 > Semester 2 Exam Review > Flashcards

Semester 2 Exam Review Flashcards

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1
Q

What is seismology?

A

It is the study of earthquakes

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2
Q

What are seismic waves?

A

Waves of energy that travel through the earth

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3
Q

What is the epicenter and the focus?

A

The focus is the point inside the earth where the earthquake begins.

The epicenter is the point on earths surface directly above the epicenter.

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4
Q

What is the gap hypothesis?

A

Sections of active faults that have had relatively few earthquakes are likely to be the sites of strong earthquakes in future.

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5
Q

What are the richter and mercalli?

A

Richter scale measures magnitude.

Mercalli scale measures intensity.

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6
Q

What is magnitude and intensity?

A

Magnitude measures an earthquakes strength.

Intensity measures the amount of damage caused and the degree felt by people.

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7
Q

Why does Michigan have very few earthquakes while California has many?

A

California is very close to a fault line, while Michigan is very far away.

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8
Q

How does elastic deformation on a plate boundary or fault line cause an earthquake?

A

?

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9
Q

What are two kinds of volcanic eruptions? Which is more common?

A

Non-explosive eruptions- more common

Explosive eruptions

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10
Q

What are the three classifications of volcanoes? What do they mean?

A

Extinct- will never erupt
Dormant-currently not erupting but may erupt again
Active-currently erupting or showing signs of erupting in the near future

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11
Q

What are hot spots.

A

Volcanically active places far from plate boundaries

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12
Q

What are pyroclastic flows?

A

Enormous amounts of hot ash, gases, and dust from volcanoes

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13
Q

What two things help magma to form?

A

Heat and pressure

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14
Q

What magnetic pole is near which geographic pole?

A

South magnetic pole is near the north geographic pole

North magnetic pole is near the south geographic pole

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15
Q

Which pole do free floating magnets point?

A

North

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16
Q

What is the law of electric charges.

A

A law that states that like charges repel and opposite charges attract.

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17
Q

What are the parts of an atom? What are their charges?

A

Protons- positive
Neutrons- no charge
Electrons- negative

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18
Q

What was the war of the currents? Who was involved? What did they support? Who won?

A

The war of the currents was a “war” between Nicola Tessa and Thomas Edison. Tesla created AC or alternating current. Edison created DC or direct current. Tesla “won the war” and Edison “lost the war”. Edison then went on several smear campaigns.

19
Q

What happens if you cut a magnet on half?

A

If you cut a magnet in half you would have two magnets, each with a north and South Pole.

20
Q

What is influence?

A

One thing making something happen to another.

21
Q

What is a wet cell?

A

Changes chemical energy into electrical energy. “Wet” refers to liquid electrolyte.

22
Q

What is an electrolyte?

A

Chemicals that allow charges to flow. (Epsom salt solution)

23
Q

What are electrodes?

A

Part of wet cell through which charges enter and exit. (Lead tabs)

24
Q

What are test leads?

A

Wires with clips on ended that lead electricity from one place to another?

25
Q

What is a variable?

A

Something that changes and can effect the outcome of an experiment.

26
Q

What is a dry cell?

A

Changes chemical energy into electrical energy. “Dry” refers to paste like electrolyte

27
Q

What is a battery charger?

A

A device that changed wall electricity into a form that put influence into the battery.

28
Q

What is a controlled variable?

A

Variables that don’t change in an experiment.

29
Q

What is an experimental variable?

A

A variable that is tested or changed in the experiment

30
Q

What is a model?

A

A human made explanation for things you observe and to help predict things you haven’t seen

31
Q

What is a battery terminal? What do red and black stand for?

A

One of the two things connected on a battery.
Red - positive
Black - negative

32
Q

What is chemical energy?

A

Energy that comes from chemicals. The form in which is stored in batteries.

33
Q

What is a circuit?

A

The path for electricity to follow.

34
Q

What is a closed circuit?

A

Complete path that allows electricity to pass.

35
Q

What is a closed switch?

A

Switch position that does let electricity pass.

36
Q

What is an open circuit?

A

A broken or incomplete path that does not allow electricity to pass.

37
Q

What is a parallel circuit?

A

A circuit with more than one path for the electricity to follow.

38
Q

What is a series circuit?

A

A circuit with only path for the electricity to follow.

39
Q

What is a magnet?

A

Any material that attracts iron or materials containing iron.

40
Q

What is a magnetic pole?

A

One of two points, such of the ends of a magnet, which have opposing magnetic qualities.

41
Q

What is a magnetic force?

A

The force of an attraction or repulsion generated by moving or spinning electric charges.

42
Q

What is a floating magnet?

A

Created when like poles are facing each other

43
Q

What is electromagnetism?

A

The interaction between electricity and magnetism.

44
Q

What is an electromagnet?

A

A coil that has a soft iron core and that acts as a magnet when an electric current is in the soil.

Science 2016-2017 (12 decks)

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