Cardiovascular,Lymphatic,Respitory,and Digestive Systems Review Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the primary function of the four systems?

A

Cardiovascular-transport blood throughout the body
Lymphatic-collect excess fluids and returns it to your body
helps body fight pathogens
Respiratory-take in oxygen
expel carbon dioxide
Digestive-break down food
allows food to be used by the body

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2
Q

What muscle is the heart mostly made of?

A

Cardiac

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3
Q

How many chambers in the heart are there? What are the chambers called?

A

4 chambers

  • upper chambers are called atria
  • lower chambers are called ventricles
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4
Q

Which side of the ❤️ pumps oxygen rich blood. Which side pumps oxygen poor blood?

A

Right side pumps oxygen poor blood to the lungs

Left side pumps oxygen poor blood to the body

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5
Q

What are valves?

A

Flap-like structures located between the atria and ventricle

They prevent blood from going backwards

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6
Q

What do arteries,veins, and capillaries do?

A

Arteries-carry blood away from heart to body’s organs
Veins-carries blood back to heart
Capillaries-allow an exchange between blood and body cells
-tiny;only one cell thick

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7
Q

What are the two types of circulation called? Describe them.

A

Pulmonary-heart to lungs and back to heart

Systemic-heart to all pars of body and back to heart

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8
Q

What does blood carry?

A

Gases,nutrients, and wastes

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9
Q

What is plasma?

A

Mixture of water,minerals,nutrients,sugars,proteins, and other substances

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10
Q

What are two types of blood cells? Describe them.

A

Red Blood Cells-transports oxygen to every cell in the body

White Blood Cells-keeps you healthy by destroying pathogens

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11
Q

What are platelets?

A

They stop bleeding and release fibers

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12
Q

Name the three vessels in the lymphatic system.

A

Lymph capillaries
Lymph
Lymphatic vessels

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13
Q

What is bone marrow?

A

Soft tissue inside the bones

Where red and white blood cells are produced

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14
Q

What are lymph nodes? What do they do?

A

Small bean shapes masses of tissue
Remove pathogens from lymph
Found in armpits,neck,and groin

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15
Q

What does the thymus do?

A

It produces t-cells that fight infection

Located behind the breastbone

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16
Q

What is the spleen and what does it do?

A

The largest lymphatic organ
Stores and produces lymphocytes that attack or mark pathogens in blood
Soft and spongy
R.B.C. recycling center

17
Q

What do tonsils do and where are they found?

A

Defend body against infection

Located in pharynx and on either side of tongue

18
Q

What is the diaphragm?

A

Dome-shaped muscle beneath the lungs

19
Q

What is the nose?

A

Main passageway for system

20
Q

What are the more common names for pharynx, larynx,trachea?

A

Pharynx-throat
Larynx-vocal cords
Tracheae-wind pipe

21
Q

What are alveoli?

A

Tiny air sacs where O2 and CO2 are exchanged

22
Q

In the lungs, what is the color that indicates healthy lungs?

A

Pink

23
Q

Lungs can not breathe on their own. What do they need as help?

A

Diaphragm

24
Q

What are the things in the digestive tract? Describe them.

A

Mouth
Pharynx-(also part of the respiratory system)
Esophagus-long straight tube…connects pharynx and stomach
Stomach-saclike organ that breaks down food into a liquid called chyme

25
Q

Describe small intestine.

A

Most of the breakdown of food happens here. Most of the nutrients are absorbed here as well.

26
Q

Describe large intestine.

A

Removes water and turns waste into a stool

27
Q

What does the pancreas do?

A

Regulates sugar levels

28
Q

What does the liver do?

A

Makes bile to break up fat, stores nutrients, and breaks down toxins

29
Q

What stores bile?

A

Gall Bladdar

30
Q

What do enzymes do?

A

Break nutrients into smaller parts