Cardiovascular,Lymphatic,Respitory,and Digestive Systems Review

Question 1

What is the primary function of the four systems?

Answer 1

Cardiovascular-transport blood throughout the body
Lymphatic-collect excess fluids and returns it to your body
helps body fight pathogens
Respiratory-take in oxygen
expel carbon dioxide
Digestive-break down food
allows food to be used by the body

Question 2

What muscle is the heart mostly made of?

Answer 2

Cardiac

Question 3

How many chambers in the heart are there? What are the chambers called?

Answer 3

4 chambers

• upper chambers are called atria
• lower chambers are called ventricles

Question 4

Which side of the ❤️ pumps oxygen rich blood. Which side pumps oxygen poor blood?

Answer 4

Right side pumps oxygen poor blood to the lungs

Left side pumps oxygen poor blood to the body

Question 5

What are valves?

Answer 5

Flap-like structures located between the atria and ventricle

They prevent blood from going backwards

Question 6

What do arteries,veins, and capillaries do?

Answer 6

Arteries-carry blood away from heart to body’s organs
Veins-carries blood back to heart
Capillaries-allow an exchange between blood and body cells
-tiny;only one cell thick

Question 7

What are the two types of circulation called? Describe them.

Answer 7

Pulmonary-heart to lungs and back to heart

Systemic-heart to all pars of body and back to heart

Question 8

What does blood carry?

Answer 8

Gases,nutrients, and wastes

Question 9

What is plasma?

Answer 9

Mixture of water,minerals,nutrients,sugars,proteins, and other substances

Question 10

What are two types of blood cells? Describe them.

Answer 10

Red Blood Cells-transports oxygen to every cell in the body

White Blood Cells-keeps you healthy by destroying pathogens

Question 11

What are platelets?

Answer 11

They stop bleeding and release fibers

Question 12

Name the three vessels in the lymphatic system.

Answer 12

Lymph capillaries
Lymph
Lymphatic vessels

Question 13

What is bone marrow?

Answer 13

Soft tissue inside the bones

Where red and white blood cells are produced

Question 14

What are lymph nodes? What do they do?

Answer 14

Small bean shapes masses of tissue
Remove pathogens from lymph
Found in armpits,neck,and groin

Question 15

What does the thymus do?

Answer 15

It produces t-cells that fight infection

Located behind the breastbone

Question 16

What is the spleen and what does it do?

Answer 16

The largest lymphatic organ
Stores and produces lymphocytes that attack or mark pathogens in blood
Soft and spongy
R.B.C. recycling center

Question 17

What do tonsils do and where are they found?

Answer 17

Defend body against infection

Located in pharynx and on either side of tongue

Question 18

What is the diaphragm?

Answer 18

Dome-shaped muscle beneath the lungs

Question 19

What is the nose?

Answer 19

Main passageway for system

Question 20

What are the more common names for pharynx, larynx,trachea?

Answer 20

Pharynx-throat
Larynx-vocal cords
Tracheae-wind pipe

Question 21

What are alveoli?

Answer 21

Tiny air sacs where O2 and CO2 are exchanged

Question 22

In the lungs, what is the color that indicates healthy lungs?

Answer 22

Pink

Question 23

Lungs can not breathe on their own. What do they need as help?

Answer 23

Diaphragm

Question 24

What are the things in the digestive tract? Describe them.

Answer 24

Mouth
Pharynx-(also part of the respiratory system)
Esophagus-long straight tube…connects pharynx and stomach
Stomach-saclike organ that breaks down food into a liquid called chyme

Question 25

Describe small intestine.

Answer 25

Most of the breakdown of food happens here. Most of the nutrients are absorbed here as well.

Question 26

Describe large intestine.

Answer 26

Removes water and turns waste into a stool

Question 27

What does the pancreas do?

Answer 27

Regulates sugar levels

Question 28

What does the liver do?

Answer 28

Makes bile to break up fat, stores nutrients, and breaks down toxins

Question 29

What stores bile?

Answer 29

Gall Bladdar

Question 30

What do enzymes do?

Answer 30

Break nutrients into smaller parts