Cardiovascular,Lymphatic,Respitory,and Digestive Systems Review Flashcards
What is the primary function of the four systems?
Cardiovascular-transport blood throughout the body
Lymphatic-collect excess fluids and returns it to your body
helps body fight pathogens
Respiratory-take in oxygen
expel carbon dioxide
Digestive-break down food
allows food to be used by the body
What muscle is the heart mostly made of?
Cardiac
How many chambers in the heart are there? What are the chambers called?
4 chambers
- upper chambers are called atria
- lower chambers are called ventricles
Which side of the ❤️ pumps oxygen rich blood. Which side pumps oxygen poor blood?
Right side pumps oxygen poor blood to the lungs
Left side pumps oxygen poor blood to the body
What are valves?
Flap-like structures located between the atria and ventricle
They prevent blood from going backwards
What do arteries,veins, and capillaries do?
Arteries-carry blood away from heart to body’s organs
Veins-carries blood back to heart
Capillaries-allow an exchange between blood and body cells
-tiny;only one cell thick
What are the two types of circulation called? Describe them.
Pulmonary-heart to lungs and back to heart
Systemic-heart to all pars of body and back to heart
What does blood carry?
Gases,nutrients, and wastes
What is plasma?
Mixture of water,minerals,nutrients,sugars,proteins, and other substances
What are two types of blood cells? Describe them.
Red Blood Cells-transports oxygen to every cell in the body
White Blood Cells-keeps you healthy by destroying pathogens
What are platelets?
They stop bleeding and release fibers
Name the three vessels in the lymphatic system.
Lymph capillaries
Lymph
Lymphatic vessels
What is bone marrow?
Soft tissue inside the bones
Where red and white blood cells are produced
What are lymph nodes? What do they do?
Small bean shapes masses of tissue
Remove pathogens from lymph
Found in armpits,neck,and groin
What does the thymus do?
It produces t-cells that fight infection
Located behind the breastbone
What is the spleen and what does it do?
The largest lymphatic organ
Stores and produces lymphocytes that attack or mark pathogens in blood
Soft and spongy
R.B.C. recycling center
What do tonsils do and where are they found?
Defend body against infection
Located in pharynx and on either side of tongue
What is the diaphragm?
Dome-shaped muscle beneath the lungs
What is the nose?
Main passageway for system
What are the more common names for pharynx, larynx,trachea?
Pharynx-throat
Larynx-vocal cords
Tracheae-wind pipe
What are alveoli?
Tiny air sacs where O2 and CO2 are exchanged
In the lungs, what is the color that indicates healthy lungs?
Pink
Lungs can not breathe on their own. What do they need as help?
Diaphragm
What are the things in the digestive tract? Describe them.
Mouth
Pharynx-(also part of the respiratory system)
Esophagus-long straight tube…connects pharynx and stomach
Stomach-saclike organ that breaks down food into a liquid called chyme
