Semester 2 Day 2 Exam Review Flashcards
What is the primary function of the skeletal system?
Support and protect the body
Allows body to move
What is the primary function of the muscular system?
Movement
Flexibility
What is the primary function of the integumentary system?
Protects bodies from water, UV rays, foreign particles, and drying out.
Touch- allows you to feel
Keeps you constant- regulates body temp
Gets rid of waste- several kinds of waste chemicals can be removed in sweat
What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?
Transport blood throughout the body
What is the primary function of the lympatic system?
Collects excess fluid and returns it to your blood
Helps body fight pathogens
What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
Take on oxygen
Expel carbon dioxide
What is the primary function of the digestive system?
Break down food
Allows food to be used by the body
What is the primary function of the urinary system?
Produce urine
Store urine
Eliminate urine
What is the primary function of the nervous system? CNS and PNS.
CNS- Processes messages form PNS
Responds to messages from the PNS
PNS- Connects all parts of the body to the CNS
What is the primary function of the endocrine system?
Secrete hormones that regulate:
Growth
Development
Homeostasis
What bone marrow? What does it do?
Bone marrow is a soft tissue in the bone. It produces r.b.c and w.b.c. It also stores fat.
What are the three kinds of joints and what are the examples for them?
Gliding-hand-wrist and ankle
Ball and socket-shoulder and hip
Hinge- knee and elbow
What is a flexor and a extensor?
Flexor- a muscle the BENDS a part of your body
Extensor- a muscle that STRAIGHTENS a part of your body
What are the three kinds of muscle? Where are they found? Are they involuntary or voluntary?
Smooth- found in digestive tract and walls of blood vessels. It is Involuntary muscle
Cardiac-found only in heart. It is involuntary
Skeletal-attached to bones for movement. Helps protect inner organs. It is involuntary and voluntary.
What are the two layers of skin? What is melanin?
Epidermis- surface layer of cells, very thin, thicker on palms and soles of feet, most cells are dead.
Dermis-layer of skin below epidermis, contains blood vessels, hair follicles, nerves,pigment, and glands
Melanin is a chemical that determines skin color and hair, more melanin equals darker skin
What is pulmonary circulation and what is systemic circulation?
Pulmonary- heart to lungs and back to heart
Systematic-heart to all parts of the body and back to heart
What are arteries and what are veins?
Arteries- carry blood away from heart to bodies organs
Veins- carry blood back to heart
What are the four parts of blood? Briefly describe them.
Plasma-mixture of water, minerals, nutrients, and wastes
Red Blood Cells-transport oxygen to body
White Blood Cells- helps keep you healthy by destroying pathogens
Platelets- stop bleeding, release fibers to create blood clots
What are lymph nodes? What do they do?
Small, bean shaped masses of tissue. Remove pathogens and dead cells from lymph. Found in armpits, groin, and neck.
What is the spleen and what does it do?
The spleen is the largest lymphatic organ. It stores and produces lymphocytes that attack,or mark pathogens on the blood. Soft and sponges, r.b.c recycling center
What do kidneys do?
They filter water and waste. Excrete products such as urine…
What is a hormone and where are they produced?
Chemical messenger made in one cell or tissue that causes a change in another cell or tissue in another part of the body. Produced in glands
What is the pituitary gland?
The master gland
What are the parathyroid glands?
Calcium
