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Science 2016-2017 > Semester 2 Day 2 Exam Review > Flashcards

Semester 2 Day 2 Exam Review Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the primary function of the skeletal system?

A

Support and protect the body

Allows body to move

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2
Q

What is the primary function of the muscular system?

A

Movement

Flexibility

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3
Q

What is the primary function of the integumentary system?

A

Protects bodies from water, UV rays, foreign particles, and drying out.
Touch- allows you to feel
Keeps you constant- regulates body temp
Gets rid of waste- several kinds of waste chemicals can be removed in sweat

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4
Q

What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?

A

Transport blood throughout the body

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5
Q

What is the primary function of the lympatic system?

A

Collects excess fluid and returns it to your blood

Helps body fight pathogens

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6
Q

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

A

Take on oxygen

Expel carbon dioxide

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7
Q

What is the primary function of the digestive system?

A

Break down food

Allows food to be used by the body

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8
Q

What is the primary function of the urinary system?

A

Produce urine
Store urine
Eliminate urine

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9
Q

What is the primary function of the nervous system? CNS and PNS.

A

CNS- Processes messages form PNS
Responds to messages from the PNS
PNS- Connects all parts of the body to the CNS

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10
Q

What is the primary function of the endocrine system?

A

Secrete hormones that regulate:
Growth
Development
Homeostasis

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11
Q

What bone marrow? What does it do?

A

Bone marrow is a soft tissue in the bone. It produces r.b.c and w.b.c. It also stores fat.

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12
Q

What are the three kinds of joints and what are the examples for them?

A

Gliding-hand-wrist and ankle
Ball and socket-shoulder and hip
Hinge- knee and elbow

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13
Q

What is a flexor and a extensor?

A

Flexor- a muscle the BENDS a part of your body

Extensor- a muscle that STRAIGHTENS a part of your body

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14
Q

What are the three kinds of muscle? Where are they found? Are they involuntary or voluntary?

A

Smooth- found in digestive tract and walls of blood vessels. It is Involuntary muscle
Cardiac-found only in heart. It is involuntary
Skeletal-attached to bones for movement. Helps protect inner organs. It is involuntary and voluntary.

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15
Q

What are the two layers of skin? What is melanin?

A

Epidermis- surface layer of cells, very thin, thicker on palms and soles of feet, most cells are dead.
Dermis-layer of skin below epidermis, contains blood vessels, hair follicles, nerves,pigment, and glands

Melanin is a chemical that determines skin color and hair, more melanin equals darker skin

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16
Q

What is pulmonary circulation and what is systemic circulation?

A

Pulmonary- heart to lungs and back to heart

Systematic-heart to all parts of the body and back to heart

17
Q

What are arteries and what are veins?

A

Arteries- carry blood away from heart to bodies organs

Veins- carry blood back to heart

18
Q

What are the four parts of blood? Briefly describe them.

A

Plasma-mixture of water, minerals, nutrients, and wastes
Red Blood Cells-transport oxygen to body
White Blood Cells- helps keep you healthy by destroying pathogens
Platelets- stop bleeding, release fibers to create blood clots

19
Q

What are lymph nodes? What do they do?

A

Small, bean shaped masses of tissue. Remove pathogens and dead cells from lymph. Found in armpits, groin, and neck.

20
Q

What is the spleen and what does it do?

A

The spleen is the largest lymphatic organ. It stores and produces lymphocytes that attack,or mark pathogens on the blood. Soft and sponges, r.b.c recycling center

21
Q

What do kidneys do?

A

They filter water and waste. Excrete products such as urine…

22
Q

What is a hormone and where are they produced?

A

Chemical messenger made in one cell or tissue that causes a change in another cell or tissue in another part of the body. Produced in glands

23
Q

What is the pituitary gland?

A

The master gland

24
Q

What are the parathyroid glands?

A

Calcium

25
Q

What are the adrenal glands

A

Helps body respond to danger. (Adrenaline)

26
Q

What is the pancreas?

A

Regulates blood-glucose level (blood sugar)

27
Q

What is the thyroid gland?

A

Energy

28
Q

What is the thymus gland?

A

Regulates the immune system

29
Q

What are the ovaries and testes?

A

Ovaries produce hormone needed for reproduction in women

Testes do the same thing in men

Science 2016-2017 (12 decks)

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