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Biology > Semester 1 Test > Flashcards

Semester 1 Test Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What’s the difference between unicellular and multicellular.

A

Uni- One

Multi- More than one.

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2
Q

Describe the biosphere.

A

Anywhere life is found.

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3
Q

What is ethics?

A

What you believe is right or wrong.

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4
Q

How are technology and science different?

A

Science is only natural.

Technology is the rest.

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5
Q

How are theories and scientific laws different?

A

Theories have exceptions.

Laws do not.

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6
Q

Define data.

A

Information

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7
Q

Define biology.

A

The study of life.

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8
Q

What are the 8 characteristics of life?

A
  1. Based on universal genetic code.
  2. Grow and develop.
  3. Reproduce.
  4. Energy
  5. Evolve.
  6. Made of cells.
  7. Respond to the environment.
  8. Homeostasis.
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9
Q

Define Science

A

To know.

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10
Q

List the steps of the scientific method.

A 
Observing and analyzing data. 
Inferring and forming a hypothesis.
Design a controlled experiment.
Collect and analyze data. 
Drawing a conclusion.
Repeat.
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11
Q

Define Observation

A

Using your five senses to collect data.

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12
Q

Define Hypothesis

A

Testable educated guess.

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13
Q

What makes the natural world, natural?

A

Humans haven’t messed it up.

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14
Q

What’s the one main goal of science?

A

To know everything.

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15
Q

How’s the only way scientists believe something?

A

If there is evidence to prove it.

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16
Q

Describe Homeostasis

A

Stable internal balance.

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17
Q

Define Cell

A

The basic unit of life.

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18
Q

Explain why it’s important to follow safety lab rules.

Give two examples of how it would be bad not to follow rules.

A

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19
Q

Why should people use the same units?

A

So people do not get confused.

All on the same page.

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20
Q

Explain two ways you have used the scientific method in your life.

A

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21
Q

Describe a Microscope

A

A toll used to see far away objects closer.

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22
Q

Define Chemical Reaction

A

A process that changes the makeup.

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23
Q

Define Enzyme

A

Protein that acts as a biological catalyst.

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24
Q

Define Atom

A

The basic unit of matter.

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25
Q

Give the charge and location of each in an atom.

A

Electrons- negative, outside the nucleus.
Proton- positive, inside the nucleus.
Neutron- neutral, in the nucleus.

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26
Q

Define Matter

A

It has mass and volume.

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27
Q

Define Volume

A

Takes up space.

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28
Q

Define Mass

A

The measure of matter.

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29
Q

What is the difference between compounds and elements?

A

Element is one.

The compound is two or more elements chemically combined.

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30
Q

Describe a Mixture

A

Two or more substances physically combined.

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31
Q

Describe the pH Scale

A

Measures how acidic or alkaline a substance is.
Acidic: 0-6.9
Neutral: 7
Basic: 7.1-14

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32
Q

What is the element of life?

A

Carbon

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33
Q

What carbohydrates must you have in order to make energy?

A

Glucose

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34
Q

What are the two types of nucleic acids?

A

DNA and RNA

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35
Q

What goes hand in hand with structure?

A

Function

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36
Q

Define Ion

A

Charged atom.

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37
Q

Explain two-way atoms, elements, compounds, and/or mixtures that affect your everyday life.

A

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38
Q

Describe a Desert.

A

Less than 25cm of precipitation a year.

It has a vast difference between day and night temperatures.

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39
Q

Describe a Temperate Grassland

A

It has 4 distinct seasons.

Mostly farmland.

40
Q

List the levels of organization for ecology.

A

Species, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, and Biosphere.

41
Q

What is the ultimate source of energy?

A

The sun.

42
Q

Describe Photosynthesis

A

The chemical process in which use energy from the sun to convert water and Co2 into oxygen and carbohydrates.

43
Q

What is the difference between heterotrophs and autotrophs?

A

Heterotroughs: Go out and get their food.
Autotroughs: Make their own food.

44
Q

What is the difference between climate and weather?

A

Weather: Conditions of Earth’s atmosphere at a given time and place.
Climate: Conditions of Earth’s atmosphere over a period of time.

45
Q

Define Nutrient

A

Anything needed for life.

46
Q

Example of a legume.

A

Soybean

47
Q

What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?

A

Primary: Starts with bare rock.
Secondary: Starts with soil.

48
Q

Describe the types of symbiosis.

A

Parasitism: One benefits while the other is harmed.
Commensalism: One benefits while the other is not affected.
Mutualism: Both benefit.

49
Q

Describe Decomposer, Herbivore, Omnivore, Detrivore, and Carnivore.

A 
Decomposer: Decompose their food.
Herbivore: Eat plants.
Omnivore: Eats both plants and meat.
Detrivore: Eat dead decaying organisms.
Carnivore: Eats meat.
50
Q

Example of a food chain.

A

grass>rabbit>hawk

51
Q

Example of a food web.

A

~

52
Q

What is the difference between biotic and abiotic?

A

Biotic: Contains carbon.
Abiotic: It does not contain carbon.

53
Q

Why can’t two species of animals occupy the same niche?

A

There will not be enough resources.

54
Q

What is competition?

A

Fighting for resources.

55
Q

What’s the difference between predator and prey?

A

Predator: Hunters
Prey: Hunted

56
Q

Explain how every animal affects other animals.

Explain how nonliving factors affect animals.

A

~

57
Q

Define Weathering

A

Breakdown of rock and minerals in the soil.

58
Q

Explain why Asian beetles have not been good for our area.

A

~

59
Q

Define Erosion

A

Moving of soil sediments.

60
Q

Define Biodiversity

A

A number of different species in an area.

61
Q

Explain why DDT was bad.

A

~

62
Q

Define Species

A

A group of organisms that are able to reproduce.

63
Q

Define Pollutant

A

Harmful material.

64
Q

Describe Smog

A

A chemical mixture that creates a gray/brown haze in the atmosphere.

65
Q

Define Carrying Capacity

A

The maximum amount of species in an area.

66
Q

What is the difference between emigration and immigration?

A

E: Moving out.
I: Moving in.

67
Q

Define Disease

A

Takes an organism out of homeostasis.

68
Q

Why is ozone important?

A

Protects us from UV radiation.

Made of Ozone.

69
Q

Describe Global Warming

A

The unnatural heating of Earth’s biosphere.

70
Q

What is the difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources?

A

R: Can get back in a lifetime.
NR: Cannot get back in a lifetime.

71
Q

Define Agriculture

A

Growing organisms for food or profit.

72
Q

Define Population

A

A group of organisms in a given place at a given time.

73
Q

Give at least two examples of why studying populations is important to humans and explain.

A

~

74
Q

Describe Equilibrium

A

The concentration is the same on the inside and the outside.

75
Q

Describe the Nucleus of a Cell

A

Control center.

It contains genetic material.

76
Q

Define Organelle

A

Little organ.

77
Q

What is the function of the mitochondria?

A

The powerhouse of the cell.

Produces ATP.

78
Q

What are ribosomes for?

A

Produce protein.

79
Q

What is the difference between chromatin and chromosomes?

A

Chromatin: All over.
Chromosomes: Have an order.

80
Q

What is the difference between flagella and cilia?

A

Flagella: Longer, only two.
Cilla: Smaller, more abundant.

81
Q

Describe the Cell Membrane

A

Every cell contains it.

82
Q

Describe Cell Wall

A

A protective layer, used for support and protection.

83
Q

What are the five levels of organization?

A

cell > tissue > organ > organ system > organism

84
Q

Define Diffusion

A

Moving from high to low concentration without using energy.

85
Q

Define Organ

A

Group of tissues put together that perform a certain job.

86
Q

Define Tissue

A

Group of cells put together that has a certain job.

87
Q

Define Osmosis

A

Diffusion of water.

88
Q

Define Organ System

A

A group of organs put together to perform a certain job.

89
Q

What is the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?

A

Exo: Material leaving the cell.
Endo: Material entering the cell.

90
Q

Define an Organism

A

A living thing.

91
Q

What color is chlorophyll?

A

Green

92
Q

Explain how cells and something else from chapter 7 applies to our lives.

A

~

93
Q

Define Force

A

Push or pull.

94
Q

Define Work

A

Force moving an object.

95
Q

What is protein synthesis?

A

Making proteins.

96
Q

What are pigments?

A

Light absorbing molecules.

97
Q

Explain why photosynthesis is important to all organisms.

A

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Biology (8 decks)

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