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Biology > Chapter 5-6 > Flashcards

Chapter 5-6 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Three important characteristics of a population

A

Geographic Distribution (range): Area inhabited.
Population Density: Number of individuals per unit area.
Growth Rate: The number of individuals either increase or decrease.

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2
Q

Three factors can affect population size:

A

Number of births
Number of deaths
The moving of individuals.

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3
Q

Immigration

A

Moving into an area.

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4
Q

Emigration

A

Moving out of an area.

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5
Q

Exponential Growth

A

This occurs when the individuals in a population reproduce at a constant rate.

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6
Q

Logistic Growth

A

Follows an S shape.

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7
Q

Carrying Capacity

A

The largest number of individuals that a given environment can hold.

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8
Q

Limiting Factors

A

Factors that cause population growth to decrease.

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9
Q

Density-dependent

A

It depends on the population size.

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10
Q

Competition

A

Competing for resources.

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11
Q

Predation

A

Predator-Prey relationship.

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12
Q

Parasitism

A

Parasite attacking the host.

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13
Q

Disease

A

Takes an organism out of homeostasis.

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14
Q

Density-independent

A

It does not depend on population size.

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15
Q

Demography

A

The study of human populations.

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16
Q

What do birth rates, death rates, and the age structure of the population help to predict?

A

Why some countries have high growth rates while others do not.

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17
Q

Demographic Transition

A

A dramatic change in birth and death rates.

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18
Q

What are the current projections for 2050 population?

A

9 billion people

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19
Q

How have human activities affected the biosphere?

A

Mass extinctions

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20
Q

Agriculture

A

Growing organisms for food or other resources.

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21
Q

What did agriculture lead to?

A

Government, laws, and writing.

22
Q

Monoculture

A

Large fields planted with a single variate year after year.

23
Q

Green Revolution

A

Using resources that greatly increased the world’ s food supply.

24
Q

What helped pests grow?

A

Increased food supply.

25
Q

Fossil Fuels

A

Coal, OIl, and Natual Gas

26
Q

Renewable Resource

A

Can get it back within a lifetime.

27
Q

Nonrenewable Resource

A

Cannot get it back in a lifetime.

28
Q

Sustainable Development

A

A way of using natural resources without depleting them and not causing long-term environmental harm.

29
Q

Erosion

A

Moc=ving soil sediments.

30
Q

Weathering

A

Break down of rocks or minerals in the soil.

31
Q

Desertification

A

Turning a productive area into a not productive area.

32
Q

Deforestation

A

Loss of a forest.

33
Q

Aquaculture

A

Raising aquatic animals for food.

34
Q

Smog

A

A mixture of chemicals that makes a gray-brown haze in the atmosphere.

35
Q

Pollutant

A

Harmful material.

36
Q

Wetland

A

Area of land that is wet.

37
Q

What do wetlands do?

A

Provide habitat for many species, filter water, and helps control water volume.

38
Q

Biodiversity

A

Amount of species in an area.

39
Q

Extinction

A

Species disappears from all or part of its range.

40
Q

Endangered

A

Population size declines so much it could become extinct.

41
Q

Biological Magnification

A

Concentrations of a harmful substance increase in organisms at higher trophic levels.

42
Q

Example of Biological Magnification

A

DDT

43
Q

Invasive Species

A

New species in an area that reproduce rapidly.

44
Q

Example of an Invasive Species

A

Asian Beetles

45
Q

Conservation

A

used to describe the wise management of natural resources

46
Q

Ozone Layer

A

A layer of Ozone in the atmosphere.

47
Q

What does the ozone layer do?

A

Absorbs UV radiation

48
Q

Global Warming

A

Increase in the average temperature of the biosphere.

49
Q

What is the difference between greenhouse effect and global warming

A

The greenhouse is naturally occurring while Global Warming is caused by humans.

50
Q

Species

A

A group of organisms that can reproduce.

51
Q

Population

A

A group of species in a given area at a given time.

52
Q

Biosphere

A

Where all life is found.

Biology (8 decks)

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