Semester 1 Test Flashcards
What are the three states of matter?
Liquid, Gas, and Solid.
What is the fourth state of matter and how is it made?
Plasma, gas and energy
What contains only one atom?
Element
What contains multiple kinds of atoms chemically bonded together?
Compound
What contains multiple of the same atoms chemically bonded together?
Molecules
Jason likes milk and cheerios, Emma likes JUST cheerios, those are their:
Pure substance
What is multiple substances NOT bonded together?
Mixture
What is the scientific word for how many atoms are packed in one place?
Density
H on the periodic table is short for?
Hydrogen
He on the periodic table is short for?
Helium
Where can you find plasma in this room?
Fluorescent lights
Where can you find plasma in the real world?
Lightning, and the sun and the stars.
Solids you can’t bend without breaking are called what?
Crystalline
Solids you CAN bend without breaking are called what?
Amorphous
When liquids are attracted to themselves so they hold up an object it’s called?
Surface tension
When water repels it’s called?
Hydrophobic
When water attracts to itself it’s called?
Hydrophilic
Where is 99% of all matter in the world?
The stars
What’s it called when energy enters into something?
Endothermic
What’s an example of endothermic?
Baking brownies, evaporating water, Photosynthesis.
What’s it called when energy exits something?
Exothermic
Give an example of exothermic?
Digest food, decomposition, Corrosion.
When an object can float but only when it disturbs the volume of the fluid - it’s called?
Displacement
What are fluids?
Non- solids, like Gas and liquid.
When atoms speed up to make heat or slow down to not make heat it’s called?
Thermal energy
What units do we measure pressure with?
Pascal
Scientific word for when things are balanced equally?
Equilibrium
What do some fish have that allow them to sleep and not sink?
Swim bladder
What is the scientific word for the thickness of a liquid?
Viscosity
What makes a paperclip stay on top of water?
Surface tension
If I get my hand wet and water is sticking to it, what’s that called?
Hydrophilic
What happens when gas gets cold?
It moves slower and gets closer together.
Most common unit used for measuring pressure?
PSI
The atmosphere is an _______ of ___
Ocean of gas
The higher up you go the more what the air particles are?
Spread out
Nitrogen=
78%
Oxygen=
20%
Argon=
1%
Carbon Dioxide=
0.5%
Boyles law?
Volume up pressure down
Charles law?
Temp up Volume up
Gay-Lussac’s law?
Temp up Pressure up
Bernoullis principle?
Fast= low pressure
Slow= Fast pressure
What do divers have to worry about?
Nitrogen levels
What particles make up an atom?
Subatomic particles
Matter cannot be _______ or _________ only _______.
Matter cannot be created or destroyed only changed.
What is the circular path of electrons around an atoms nucleus?
Orbitals
The electrons in the outermost orbital are called?
Valence electrons
What is the name of the scientist who came up with today’s periodic table?
Mandeleev
What’s in protons and neutrons?
Quarks
When atoms in a substance are rearranged it’s called a?
Chemical reaction
If an atom loses or gains a negatively charged particle it’s called?
Ion
If an atom loses or gains a particle that has NO charge it’s called?
Isotope
How do we as animals make food?
Respiration
What type of wave must travel through a medium?
Mechanical wave
Type of wave when a force is pushed in the direction of the material?
Longitudinal
What is the math term for the previous answer? (Longitudinal)
Parallel
Type of wave when the force is sideways to the direction of the material?
Transverse
What is the math term for the previous answer? (Transverse)
Perpendicular
Swimming at an ocean what could cause dying because of being pulled under?
Undertow
Swimming at a beach what could cause dying b/c of exhaustion?
Riptide
The number of waves that occur in 1 second?
Frequency
Speed of light?
670 million mph
Distance around the earth?
25,000 miles
Distance across the US?
3,000 miles
Speed of sound?
760 mph
The number of seconds that occur within a set number of waves?
Period
Scientific word for wave?
Cycle
Science name when a sound bends around a doorway and you hear someone in the hall talking?
Defraction
Science name when a spoon in a glass of water looks broken where the air and water meet?
Refraction
What is the scientific word when waves bounce off an object?
Reflection
When waves in front of a fast jest build up, it “adds” energy which is scientifically called?
Constructive interference
The previous answer uses what scientific concept that “subtracts” energy in a wave? (Noise cancelling headphones)
Destructive interference
What kind of waves are sound waves?
Longitudinal
What man made device allows deaf people to hear?
Cochlear implants
What material absorbs sound waves rather than passing the energy on?
Insulation
What kind of missiles are being used by military’s around the world?
Hypersonic
What kind of bullets don’t go faster than the speed of sound, and are quieter?
Subsonic
When military jets fly at the speed of sound it’s called what?
Mach 1
What unit do we measure the volume of sound in?
Decibles or dB
How many decibels is a whisper?
30dB
When do humans start to feel pain? (Sound)
120dB
What is the scientific for sounds below the human hearing range?
Infrasound
What is the scientific name for sounds above the human hearing range?
Ultrasound
When light travels by particular it’s called?
Photon
What is the scientific word for the difference in brightness?
Intensity
What letter represents the speed of light?
C
Speed of light in mps is what number?
186,000
Speed of light in mph is what number?
670,000,000
An image in a mirror might look real but it’s only light waves creating a mirror image, this is called what?
Virtual image
What lense spreads out light so you can see it more?
Concave lenses
What lense bends light to the middle so you can “zoom in.”
Convex lenses
What type of mirror makes the object smaller but gives you a wide view?
Convex
What type of mirror magnifies an area, but doesn’t have a wide view?
Concave
The clear plastic cords that allow light to transmit though them?
Fiber optics
The splitting of white light into rainbow colors?
Dispersion
What color is the absence of light?
Black
What color is the combination of all visible light spectrum colors?
White
X-rays have _____ energy than the visible light spectrum.
More
1 thing about X-rays?
Too many x-rays can lead to cancer
What special device do lab techs wear that measures how much radiation they’re exposed to?
Dosimeter badge
Ultraviolet has ______ energy than the visible light spectrum.
More
1 thing about ultraviolet
9% of light from the sun, causes sunburns
Gamma rays have ______ energy than the visible light spectrum.
More
1 thing about Gamma rays.
If they were to reach earth they’d kill us all
What blocks Gamma rays?
Our earths magnetic field
Infra-red has _____ energy than the visible light spectrum.
Less
1 thing about infra-red
The light from the sun that warms hs
Microwaves have ____ energy than the visible light spectrum.
Less
1 thing about microwaves
Reflects metal, so it explodes
Radio-waves have ____ energy than the visible light spectrum.
Less
1 thing about radio-waves.
Used to locate the rough position of things.
What does GPS mean?
Global positioning system
How can radio towers pinpoint your location?
Triangulation
