Semantic roles Flashcards
Margaret (?) is mowing the grass.
agent
The flood (?) destroyed several villages (?).
external causer, patient
John (?) locked and bolted the door (?).
agent, patient
The door (?) both locks and bolts.
patient (still is the affected participant)
She (?) jumped the horse (?) over the fence (?).
initiator (she made the horse do it), agent, locative
He (?) was just sitting there.
positioner (he has some control, but doesn’t do much)
He (?) was running.
agent (has control)
He died.
patient (he has no control)
The hotel (?) sleeps 30 guests (?).
locative, positioners
The 1990s (?) witnessed a sharp increase in…
temporal
He (?) loves me.
experiencer/recipient
(Mary loves her dog. → Mary = recipient/experiencer; dog = the source/stimulus)
I (?) received a letter.
recipient
She (?) is a real lady.
patient
She (?) is happy.
experiencer
She (?) is tall.
patient
She (?) is being difficult.
agent
He painted her fingernails (?) pink.
patient
He painted a wonderful still life of fish and oysters (?).
resultant
A hot coal burnt a hole in the carpet.
resultant
He nodded his head (?) in approval.
instrument
They were living a busy life (?).
cognate
(verbal action expressed in the verb “living” and also in the object “life”)
The men of Rohan had fought a great fight (?) with the Orcs.
cognate
She gave a pale smile (?).
eventive (= the event itself)
John gave him a long hug (?).
eventive
Don’t wag your finger (?) at me.
instrument
We walked the beach (?) early in the morning.
locative
Have you sent them (?) a copy of the letter?
recipient
She wondered whether his patients ever died on him (?).
dative
(= děj je mu ku prospěchu/neprospěchu)
