sem 1 exam 3 Flashcards
american revolution dates
1776-1783
loyalists
people who tended to have economic ties to britain and lived in coastal, urban, and aristocratic areas, didn’t want to break from britain
battle of saratoga
(1777) colonies win battle, france sees this and makes a strategic alliance to defeat britain (1778)
battle of yorktown
(1781) british general cornwallis surrenders to washington after being blocked by french navy, ends war
treaty of paris
(1783) officially ends the revolutionary war
republican motherhood
women have a crucial role in shaping future citizens in the US, elevated the role of the mother and opened avenues for the “civic” education of women, bad because it reduced women to just staying in the house all the time
northwest ordinance of 1787
set a method of creating new states in the Northwest Territory, did 3 things
1. banned slavery in the NW territory
2. grew/prioritized public education
3. required consent from Native americans to use land
articles of confederation
(1781) first post independence government in the US
only had legislative branch, required unanimous state approval for laws, amendments, etc, congress couldn’t tax and relied on donations of states, incredibly weak central gov’t
shays’s rebellion
(1786-1787) revolutionary war veteran farmers rebel, demonstrated the military weakness of the articles of confederation
federalist papers
series of essays by madison, hamilton, jay, in favor of ratification and to address the anti-federalists’ concerns regarding strong central gov’t
separation of powers
powers within the new gov’t will be divided between three branches
checks and balances
measures that ensure no one branch will be more powerful than the others
the great compromise
(1787) led to the creation of a bicameral congress: senate and the house of reps
three fifths compromise
(1787) made slaves 3/5 of a person and was implemented due to the south’s economic dependence on slavery and bc south would use slave population to increase representation in house
elastic clause
congress can pass laws even if they are not explicitly mentioned in the constitution
washington’s cabinet + differences
hamilton (federalist) and jefferson (dem-rep), hamilton wanted BUS, jefferson said it would only benefit the rich; jefferson wanted to aid the french revlution but hamilton was bro-british in economy
proclamation of 1793
washington announces neutrality in the french revolution, jefferson resign from cabinet
whiskey rebellion
(1791-94) farmers in western penn. rebel against tax on whiskey, washington puts it down with 13000 troops showing power of fed gov’t under constitution
pickney’s treaty
(1795) signed between the US and spain, established border of florida, allowed americans to use the port of new orleans
jay’s treaty
(1794) signed between US and britain, caused controversy bc he didn’t negotiate impressment
washington’s farewell address
(1796) sets tone for early US foreign policy
1. stay out of european affairs
2. don’t make political parties
3. avoid drastic changes to the constitution
xyz affair
(1797) french agents demanded financial bribes before beginning negotiations with US over france seizing american ships, us expanded navy in preparation for possible war with france
alien and sedition acts
(1798) made by federalists to suppress political dissent, passed by adams agaisnt dem-reps who criticized them for relations with france
1. publications can’t criticize gov’t
2. president can deport all non-citizens
phyllis wheatley
african poet who thematically wrote about revolution, slavery, and faith, ppl liked her bc she was pro-revolution, supplemented early abolitionism, writings commented on by washington and hancock
equiano
african writer who discussed his experience in the middle passage, important in developing abolitionism
