Selected Conditions w/Serological Findings

Question 1

____, the classic triad of fever, lymphadenopathy, and pharyngitis, is caused by Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) in about 80% of cases.

Answer 1

Infectious Mononucleosis (IM)

Question 2

Most other cases of IM (about 20%) are due to ____ infection

Answer 2

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Question 3

Transmission of IM is often attributed to ____

Answer 3

Kissing (oropharyngeal secretions and saliva)

Question 4

_____ pharyngitis is often present (30%) in IM

Answer 4

Streptococcal

Question 5

Incidence of IM usually occurs between ages __-__, and by young-adult life up to ___% of people are seropositive

Answer 5

10-30, 95%

Question 6

Often referred to as “the worst sore throat I’ve ever had”

Answer 6

Infectious Mononucleosis (IM)

Question 7

A lack or loss of appetite for food

Answer 7

Anorexia

Question 8

The most frequent finding in IM patients?

Answer 8

Lymphadenopathy (Cervical)

Question 9

A special test used for IM, called the ____ antibody test is positive in 40% within 1st week, and 90% by 3rd week. This is NOT, however, helpful in children <5 yo

Answer 9

Heterophil

Question 10

In IM, about __% of patients recover uneventfully without specific treatment in 1-4 weeks. It could, however, linger for months or years.

Answer 10

95%

Question 11

An inflammatory disease, possibly autoimmune in nature, that involves many tissues including the heart, joints, skin, and CNS. It is more common in CHILDREN

Answer 11

Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF)

Question 12

A preceding infection of the upper respiratory tract w/group __ ______ organisms is a prerequisite to the development of ARF

Answer 12

A streptococcus

Question 13

ARF is most common in ages __ to __

Answer 13

5-15

Question 14

____ is the most common clinical finding in ARF

Answer 14

Arthritis

Question 15

T/F, vertebral joints are often affected in ARF

Answer 15

FALSE (large joints, i.e. ankles, knees, elbows, wrists)

Question 16

____ is the 2nd most common finding in a patient w/ARF (65%)

Answer 16

Carditis (cardiac inflammation - pericarditis, myocarditis)

Question 17

A neurological disorder characterized by jerky involuntary movements affecting especially the shoulders, hips, and face.

Answer 17

Chorea

Question 18

Chorea is often a late finding of ____

Answer 18

Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF)

Question 19

In ARF, ESR would be _____

Answer 19

Increased (often to levels >120mm/hr)

Question 20

Total WBC count is usually elevated to 10,000-15,000/ul by the 2nd or 3rd week of this infection

Answer 20

Infectious Mononucleosis (IM) - exception to viral rule (usually total WBC count is decreased)

Question 21

A common lab finding in ______ is antistreptolysin O titer (ASOT - titers of more than 200 Todd units)

Answer 21

ARF

Question 22

WBC count is elevated to ___-___ in ARF

Answer 22

12,000-20,000/ul

Question 23

Diagnoses of ARF depends on fulfilling the ______ criteria

Answer 23

Modified Jones

Question 24

The modified jones criteria consists of fulfilling __ major manifestations, or __ major and __ minor manifestations

Answer 24

2 major, or 1 major and 2 minor

Question 25

The mainstay of therapy (treatment) for patients w/ARF is ______

Answer 25

Anti-inflammatory (low-sodium diet)

Question 26

Except for ____, all manifestations of rheumatic fever subside without residual effects

Answer 26

Carditis

Question 27

An inflammatory connective tissue disorder of unknown etiology; the sera of most patients contain antinuclear antibodies, including anti-DNA antibodies. Multisystem, autoimmune.

Answer 27

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Question 28

The most common age for SLE patients is __-__, although it can happen at any age.

Answer 28

30-50

Question 29

SLE has a female:male ratio of __:__

Answer 29

10:1

Question 30

Who has a higher risk factor for SLE? Colored or Caucasian?

Answer 30

Colored

Question 31

SLE is commonly characterized by the _____ rash

Answer 31

Butterfly

Question 32

Some clinical findings of ____ include mottled erythema of the sides of the palms w/extension onto the fingers, purpura (purple spots/rash), and photosensitivity (in 40% of patients)

Answer 32

SLE

Question 33

A positive _____ antibody test is found in over 98% of SLE patients

Answer 33

Antinuclear (ANA)

Question 34

Anti-double stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibodies are almost specific for _____

Answer 34

SLE

Question 35

What would normally be found in a UA of an SLE patient?

Answer 35

Proteinuria

Question 36

T/F, no one test or biopsy is pathognomonic of SLE

Answer 36

TRUE

Question 37

The American Rheumatology Association criteria says that any __ manifestations of 11 listed would correctly diagnose SLE

Answer 37

4

Question 38

T/F, a patient w/SLE should limit ultraviolet light exposure

Answer 38

TRUE

Question 39

What form of lupus is the most serious?

Answer 39

Renal

Question 40

A CBC for patients with _____ might reveal mild to moderate anemia, leukopenia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia

Answer 40

SLE