Selected Conditions w/Serological Findings Flashcards
____, the classic triad of fever, lymphadenopathy, and pharyngitis, is caused by Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) in about 80% of cases.
Infectious Mononucleosis (IM)
Most other cases of IM (about 20%) are due to ____ infection
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Transmission of IM is often attributed to ____
Kissing (oropharyngeal secretions and saliva)
_____ pharyngitis is often present (30%) in IM
Streptococcal
Incidence of IM usually occurs between ages __-__, and by young-adult life up to ___% of people are seropositive
10-30, 95%
Often referred to as “the worst sore throat I’ve ever had”
Infectious Mononucleosis (IM)
A lack or loss of appetite for food
Anorexia
The most frequent finding in IM patients?
Lymphadenopathy (Cervical)
A special test used for IM, called the ____ antibody test is positive in 40% within 1st week, and 90% by 3rd week. This is NOT, however, helpful in children <5 yo
Heterophil
In IM, about __% of patients recover uneventfully without specific treatment in 1-4 weeks. It could, however, linger for months or years.
95%
An inflammatory disease, possibly autoimmune in nature, that involves many tissues including the heart, joints, skin, and CNS. It is more common in CHILDREN
Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF)
A preceding infection of the upper respiratory tract w/group __ ______ organisms is a prerequisite to the development of ARF
A streptococcus
ARF is most common in ages __ to __
5-15
____ is the most common clinical finding in ARF
Arthritis
T/F, vertebral joints are often affected in ARF
FALSE (large joints, i.e. ankles, knees, elbows, wrists)
____ is the 2nd most common finding in a patient w/ARF (65%)
Carditis (cardiac inflammation - pericarditis, myocarditis)
A neurological disorder characterized by jerky involuntary movements affecting especially the shoulders, hips, and face.
Chorea
Chorea is often a late finding of ____
Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF)
In ARF, ESR would be _____
Increased (often to levels >120mm/hr)
Total WBC count is usually elevated to 10,000-15,000/ul by the 2nd or 3rd week of this infection
Infectious Mononucleosis (IM) - exception to viral rule (usually total WBC count is decreased)
A common lab finding in ______ is antistreptolysin O titer (ASOT - titers of more than 200 Todd units)
ARF
WBC count is elevated to ___-___ in ARF
12,000-20,000/ul
Diagnoses of ARF depends on fulfilling the ______ criteria
Modified Jones
The modified jones criteria consists of fulfilling __ major manifestations, or __ major and __ minor manifestations
2 major, or 1 major and 2 minor
The mainstay of therapy (treatment) for patients w/ARF is ______
Anti-inflammatory (low-sodium diet)
Except for ____, all manifestations of rheumatic fever subside without residual effects
Carditis
An inflammatory connective tissue disorder of unknown etiology; the sera of most patients contain antinuclear antibodies, including anti-DNA antibodies. Multisystem, autoimmune.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
The most common age for SLE patients is __-__, although it can happen at any age.
30-50
SLE has a female:male ratio of __:__
10:1
Who has a higher risk factor for SLE? Colored or Caucasian?
Colored
SLE is commonly characterized by the _____ rash
Butterfly
Some clinical findings of ____ include mottled erythema of the sides of the palms w/extension onto the fingers, purpura (purple spots/rash), and photosensitivity (in 40% of patients)
SLE
A positive _____ antibody test is found in over 98% of SLE patients
Antinuclear (ANA)
Anti-double stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibodies are almost specific for _____
SLE
What would normally be found in a UA of an SLE patient?
Proteinuria
T/F, no one test or biopsy is pathognomonic of SLE
TRUE
The American Rheumatology Association criteria says that any __ manifestations of 11 listed would correctly diagnose SLE
4
T/F, a patient w/SLE should limit ultraviolet light exposure
TRUE
What form of lupus is the most serious?
Renal
A CBC for patients with _____ might reveal mild to moderate anemia, leukopenia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia
SLE
